英文 - 考试分类 - 正風學習中心

CGTN-The World Today

• brand /brænd/（名詞，意為“品牌”）例句：This new local brand of coffee has quickly won young consumers’ hearts with its high quality and low price.（這個本土新咖啡品牌憑借高品質和低價格，迅速贏得了年輕消費者的喜愛。）用法示例：branded coffee shops（品牌咖啡店）• chain /tʃeɪn/（名詞，意為“連鎖店”）例句：The coffee chain plans to open 100 new stores in small cities this year to expand its market share.（這家咖啡連鎖店計劃今年在小城市開設100家新店，以擴大市場份額。）用法示例：chain outlets（連鎖門店）• overtake /ˌəvəˈteɪk/（動詞，意為“超越”）例句：With its rapid expansion, the Chinese coffee brand overtook its international competitor in store numbers last year.（憑借快速擴張，這個中國咖啡品牌去年在門店數量上超越了其國際競爭對手。）用法示例：overtook Starbucks（超越星巴克）• delist /ˌdiːˈlɪst/（動詞，意為“退市”）例句：The company was forced to delist from the stock market after its financial fraud was exposed.（該公司財務欺詐曝光後，被迫從股市退市。）用法示例：was delisted from the NASDAQ（從納斯達克退市）• fraud /frɔːd/（名詞，意為“欺詐”）例句：The accounting fraud of the coffee company caused huge losses to its investors.（這家咖啡公司的會計欺詐給投資者造成了巨大損失。）用法示例：accounting fraud（會計欺詐）• penalty /ˈpenəlti/（名詞，意為“罰款”）例句：The regulatory authority ordered the company to pay a penalty of $200 million for violating market rules.（監管機構因該公司違反市場規則，責令其支付2億美元罰款。）用法示例：pay a penalty of $180 million（支付1.8億美元罰款）• millennial /mɪˈleniəl/（名詞，意為“千禧一代”）例句：Millennials prefer convenient and cost-effective coffee options, which explains the popularity of budget coffee chains.（千禧一代偏愛便捷、高性價比的咖啡選擇，這也解釋了平價咖啡連鎖店受歡迎的原因。）用法示例：millennials and later Gen Z（千禧一代及之後的Z世代）• consuming group /kənˈsjuːmɪŋ ɡruːp/（短語，意為“消費群體”）例句：The brand launched a new low-sugar coffee line to target health-conscious consuming groups.（該品牌推出了新款低糖咖啡系列，瞄准注重健康的消費群體。）• digitalization /ˌdɪdʒɪtəlaɪˈzeɪʃn/（名詞，意為“數字化”）例句：The coffee shop’s digitalization strategy, such as mobile ordering and membership apps, has greatly improved customer experience.（這家咖啡店的數字化策略，如手機點單和會員APP，極大提升了顧客體驗。）用法示例：embraced the digitalization（擁抱數字化）• cobranded /ˌkəʊˈbrændɪd/（形容詞，意為“聯名的”）例句：The cobranded coffee with a famous milk tea brand sold out within three hours of its launch.（這款與知名奶茶品牌聯名的咖啡，上線三小時內就售罄了。）用法示例：cobranded partnerships（聯名合作）• turnover /ˈtɜːnəʊvə/（名詞，意為“營業額”）例句：The coffee shop’s daily turnover doubled during the holiday season due to increased customer flow.（由於客流量增加，這家咖啡店在節假日期間的日營業額翻了一倍。）用法示例：single day turnover（單日營業額）

2025-10-07 困难

What Do We Fangirl Over？

• fangirl（女性）狂熱追星：動詞，指對名人、偶像等極度喜愛並瘋狂追捧。例句：She’d stay up late to vote for her favorite singer on talent shows—she totally fangirls over him.（她會熬夜為選秀節目里喜歡的歌手投票，簡直是他的狂熱粉絲。）• obsession 痴迷，著迷：名詞，強調對某人或某事的強烈執著。例句：His obsession with the actor led him to collect every poster, movie ticket, and interview clip related to her.（他對這位演員的痴迷，讓他收集了所有與她相關的海報、電影票和採訪片段。）• charisma 魅力，感召力：名詞，用於描述人在言行舉止中散髮的吸引力。例句：The actress has a natural charisma—even a short speech from her can make the audience feel inspired.（這位女演員有種天生的魅力，哪怕是簡短的發言都能讓觀眾感到振奮。）• relatable 可產生共鳴的：形容詞，指人或事物能讓人產生聯繫、引起共鳴。例句：The celebrity often shares stories about her daily struggles, which makes her very relatable to ordinary young people.（這位名人經常分享自己日常的困擾，這讓她在普通年輕人中很有共鳴感。）• fanfic (fan fiction) 同人小說：名詞，粉絲基於喜愛的作品或人物創作的虛構故事。例句：Fans of the fantasy novel have written thousands of fanfics, imagining new adventures for the main characters.（這部奇幻小說的粉絲寫了成千上萬篇同人小說，為主要角色構想新的冒險故事。）• niche 利基的，狹窄的：形容詞，指針對特定小眾群體的。例句：This indie singer has a niche fan base—her music isn’t mainstream, but her fans are extremely loyal.（這位獨立歌手有小眾粉絲群體，她的音樂不算主流，但粉絲忠誠度極高。）• binge 瘋狂瀏覽/觀看：動詞，常用搭配“binge-watch”（瘋狂追劇）、“binge-read”（瘋狂閱讀）。例句：During the summer break, she’d binge-watch three episodes of her favorite drama every night before bed.（暑假期間，她每晚睡前都會瘋狂追三集喜歡的電視劇。）• evolve 演變，進化：動詞，強調事物隨時間逐步發展變化。例句：The way fans support their idols has evolved from sending letters to interacting with them directly on social media.（粉絲支持偶像的方式已經從寄信，演變成在社交媒體上直接與偶像互動。）

2025-10-06 困难

Receiving Criticism Mindfullly

一、重點單詞、用法及知識點1. let down（短語動詞）- 使失望；失信◦ 英文用法：常用於被信任的人未兌現承諾的場景，主語多為人，搭配「sb. be let down by sb. else」或「let sb. down」。◦ 例句：She felt let down by her partner who broke the promise again.（她因伴侶再次失信而感到失望。）◦ 對應知識點：區分「let down」（情感上的失望）與「disappoint」（通用動詞，語義更直接），前者更強調「因期待落空而失落」。2. rift（名詞）- 裂痕；分歧（尤指人際關係）◦ 英文用法：常用搭配「a rift between A and B」，特指原本親近的人之間出現的、難以彌補的間隙。◦ 例句：A small argument led to a deep rift between the two best friends.（一場小爭吵導致這對好友之間產生了深深的裂痕。）◦ 對應知識點：不同於「gap」（泛指間隙、差距），「rift」專指人際關係或團體中的「分歧、不和」，語義更負面且具體。3. mindful（形容詞）- 專注當下的；正念的◦ 英文用法：常用搭配「be mindful of sth.」（留意某事），是冥想、心理學領域核心術語，強調「有意識地關注當下，不帶偏見」。◦ 例句：When listening to criticism, we should be mindful of our emotional reactions.（聆聽批評時，我們應留意自己的情緒反應。）◦ 對應知識點：名詞形式為「mindfulness」（正念），衍生短語「mindful listening」（正念傾聽），即「不打斷、不預判地專注傾聽他人」。4. criticism（名詞）- 批評；評論◦ 英文用法：可指「負面批評」（含貶義）或「客觀評價」（中性），搭配「receive criticism」（接受批評）、「constructive criticism」（建設性批評）。◦ 例句：Instead of defending yourself, try to accept constructive criticism calmly.（與其為自己辯護，不如冷靜接受建設性批評。）◦ 對應知識點：區分「criticism」（名詞，指批評的內容或行為）與「criticize」（動詞，指發出批評的動作）。5. betrayal（名詞）- 背叛；失信◦ 英文用法：特指「違背信任的行為」，搭配「a sense of betrayal」（被背叛感）、「betrayal of trust」（失信），語義比「let down」更強烈。◦ 例句：His lies caused a deep sense of betrayal in his partner.（他的謊言讓伴侶產生了強烈的被背叛感。）◦ 對應知識點：動詞形式為「betray」，常用搭配「betray one‘s trust」（辜負某人的信任）。6. reconcile（動詞）- 調解；使和解◦ 英文用法：常用搭配「reconcile A and B」（使A和B和解）、「reconcile oneself to sth.」（接受某事），多用於修復破裂的關係。◦ 例句：They needed a third person to help reconcile their differences.（他們需要第三人幫助調解分歧。）◦ 對應知識點：名詞形式為「reconciliation」（和解），是描述人際關係修復的核心詞彙。7. validate（動詞）- 認可；確認（情感、經歷的合理性）◦ 英文用法：心理學常用詞，指「肯定他人的感受或經歷是真實、合理的」，搭配「validate sb.’s feelings」（認可某人的感受）。◦ 例句：When a friend is upset, validating their feelings is more helpful than giving advice.（朋友難過時，認可他們的感受比給建議更有幫助。）◦ 對應知識點：不同於「approve」（同意、贊成），「validate」不涉及「判斷對錯」，僅強調「接納與認可」。8. resilient（形容詞）- 有彈性的；能迅速恢復的（尤指心理）◦ 英文用法：常用於描述人「面對困境時快速調整、恢復的心態」，搭配「be resilient in the face of...」（面對……時有韌性）。◦ 例句：A resilient person can bounce back from relationship conflicts more easily.（心態有韌性的人更容易從人際矛盾中恢復。）◦ 對應知識點：名詞形式為「resilience」（心理韌性），是現代心理學中描述「抗壓能力」的關鍵術語。

2025-10-06 困难

Overthinking, advice session

• overthink /ˌoʊvərˈθɪŋk/◦ 用法示例：He tends to overthink every decision.◦ 中文釋義：過度思考◦ 知識點：動詞，由“over-”（過度）+“think”（思考）構成，屬於合成動詞。• dilemma /dɪˈlemə/◦ 用法示例：She was in a dilemma about whether to take the job.◦ 中文釋義：兩難境地；困境◦ 知識點：名詞，常用搭配“in a dilemma”。• self-aware◦ 用法示例：He is very self-aware and knows his strengths and weaknesses.◦ 中文釋義：有自我意識的◦ 知識點：合成形容詞，“self-”（自我）+“aware”（意識到的）。• situationship /ˈsɪtʃueɪʃnʃɪp/◦ 用法示例：A situationship is a romantic relationship without a clear label.◦ 中文釋義：不明確的戀愛關係◦ 知識點：新造詞，由“situation”（情況）+“-ship”（表示關係的後綴）構成。• gut instinct◦ 用法示例：She followed her gut instinct and made the right choice.◦ 中文釋義：直覺◦ 知識點：固定短語，“gut”意為“直覺”，“instinct”也是“本能、直覺”。• execute /ˈeksɪkjuːt/◦ 用法示例：You need to execute your plan step by step.◦ 中文釋義：實施；執行◦ 知識點：動詞，常用搭配“execute a plan/task”。• timer /ˈtaɪmər/◦ 用法示例：Set a timer to limit your thinking time.◦ 中文釋義：計時器◦ 知識點：名詞，由“time”（時間）+“-er”（表示工具的後綴）構成。• self-esteem /ˌself ɪˈstiːm/◦ 用法示例：Building self-esteem is important for mental health.◦ 中文釋義：自尊；自我價值感◦ 知識點：名詞，“self-”（自我）+“esteem”（尊重）。• discipline /ˈdɪsəplɪn/◦ 用法示例：Having discipline helps you achieve your goals.◦ 中文釋義：自律；紀律◦ 知識點：名詞，也可作動詞，“discipline oneself”表示自我約束。• worst-case scenario◦ 用法示例：Let’s consider the worst-case scenario before making a decision.◦ 中文釋義：最壞情況◦ 知識點：固定短語，“scenario”意為“場景、情形”。• self-expression /ˌself ɪkˈspreʃn/◦ 用法示例：Fashion is a form of self-expression.◦ 中文釋義：自我表達◦ 知識點：名詞短語，“self-”（自我）+“expression”（表達）。• manifest /ˈmænɪfest/◦ 用法示例：I manifest that all your dreams come true.◦ 中文釋義：顯現；體現；（在這裡引申為）祈願◦ 知識點：動詞，也可作形容詞“明顯的”。

2025-10-06 困难

The mid-year summary by the highly popular blogger Sydney Serena

• disorganized（雜亂無章的）：形容詞，用於描述生活、空間等缺乏秩序。例句：Her desk is so disorganized—papers, pens, and books are scattered everywhere, making it hard to find anything.（她的桌子太亂了，文件、筆和書散落一地，找東西都很困難。）• wake-up call（警鐘，警示）：固定短語，指讓某人意識到問題並採取行動的事件。例句：Missing an important meeting because of oversleeping was a wake-up call for her to start using an alarm clock.（因為睡過頭錯過重要會議，給她敲響了警鐘，讓她開始用鬧鐘。）• reset day（重置日）：表示給自己一天時間整理生活、規劃目標的日子。例句：After a busy month, she decided to have a reset day—cleaning the house, reviewing her goals, and relaxing.（忙碌一個月後，她決定過個“重置日”，打掃房間、回顧目標並放鬆身心。）• accountability（問責制，責任感）：名詞，強調對自己行為和目標的負責。例句：Adding a friend to her workout plan helped her build accountability—she didn’t want to let the friend down.（把朋友加入健身計劃幫她增強了責任感，她不想讓朋友失望。）• declutter（清理，整理）：動詞，指整理空間、丟棄無用物品。例句：Every spring, she likes to declutter her wardrobe, donating clothes she no longer wears to charity.（每年春天，她都喜歡整理衣櫃，把不穿的衣服捐給慈善機構。）• pantry（食品儲藏室）：名詞，家庭中存放食品的空間。例句：She organized her pantry last weekend, putting canned foods and snacks on separate shelves for easy access.（上週末她整理了食品儲藏室，把罐頭和零食分開放在不同架子上，方便拿取。）• groceries（食品雜貨）：名詞複數，指從超市購買的食物等用品。例句：She stopped by the supermarket after work to buy groceries, including milk, eggs, and fresh vegetables.（下班後她順路去超市買食品雜貨，包括牛奶、雞蛋和新鮮蔬菜。）• revisit（重溫，再訪）：動詞，用於回顧目標、計劃等。例句：At the end of each quarter, she revisits her yearly goals to see if she’s on track or needs to adjust.（每個季度末，她都會重溫年度目標，看看是否按計劃進行，是否需要調整。）• flexible（靈活的，柔韌的）：形容詞，可描述人的身體柔韌性或計劃的靈活性。例句：The yoga instructor is very flexible—she can easily bend her body into difficult poses.（這位瑜伽教練身體柔韌性很好，能輕鬆把身體彎成高難度姿勢。）例句：We need a flexible plan for the trip, in case the weather changes suddenly.（我們需要一個靈活的旅行計劃，以防天氣突然變化。）• attainable（可實現的）：形容詞，用於描述目標是可以達成的。例句：Instead of setting a goal to “learn a language in 1 month,” she chose a more attainable one: “learn 10 new words every day.”（她沒有設定“1個月學會一門語言”的目標，而是選了更可實現的：“每天學10個新單詞”。）• stomach issues（胃病）：短語，指胃部的不適或疾病。例句：Eating spicy food every day gave her stomach issues, so she started cooking milder meals at home.（每天吃辛辣食物讓她患上了胃病，所以她開始在家做口味清淡的飯菜。）• self-betterment（自我提升）：名詞，強調個人在各方面的自我改進。例句：She spends 30 minutes reading every night as part of her self-betterment plan to expand her knowledge.（作為自我提升計劃的一部分，她每晚花30分鐘閱讀，拓寬知識面。）• inspo（靈感，informal）：非正式縮寫，來自“inspiration”，用於口語和網絡表達。例句：She shares her daily outfits on social media, hoping to give her followers inspo for their own wardrobes.（她在社交媒體上分享日常穿搭，希望給粉絲們提供穿搭靈感。）• hold oneself accountable（對自己負責）：短語，強調自己對自己的行為和目標承擔責任。例句：To stick to her study plan, she writes down her daily tasks and holds herself accountable for finishing them.（為了堅持學習計劃，她寫下每日任務，並對完成任務這件事對自己負責。）• drop off（中斷，減少）：短語動詞，指在某件事上的參與或進展停止、減少。例句：Her interest in painting dropped off after she got a busy job, but she’s trying to pick it up again.（找到忙碌的工作後，她對繪畫的興趣逐漸減弱，但現在正努力重新拾起。）

2025-10-06 困难

Why are there legends about dragons in so many cultures?

1. Mythologyo Definition: The collection of myths (traditional stories about gods, heroes, or supernatural beings) of a particular culture or religion.o Sentence: The video explores how dragon tales are rooted in the mythology of diverse civilizations, from China to Greece.2. Geological Mythologyo Definition: A field of study that examines the connection between myths and the geological features (e.g., volcanoes, fossils) of the regions where those myths originated.o Sentence: Geological mythology helps explain why many cultures have dragon legends—ancient people linked unusual rocks or fossils to mythical creatures.3. Prehistorico Definition: Relating to the period of time before written records were kept, especially when dinosaurs or early humans lived.o Sentence: Some scholars believe dragon stories were inspired by prehistoric animal fossils, like those of mastodons.4. Mastodono Definition: An extinct large mammal similar to an elephant, with long tusks and a shaggy coat, that lived during the Ice Age.o Sentence: Mastodon remains, including their large, sharp molars, have been found in Europe and may have influenced tales of fire-breathing dragons.5. Pleistoceneo Definition: A geological epoch (about 2.6 million to 11,700 years ago) known for ice ages and the presence of large mammals like mastodons and woolly mammoths.o Sentence: The Pleistocene deer skull fossils found in northern China may have shaped the image of Chinese dragons with antler-like features.6. Fossilo Definition: The remains or traces of ancient plants, animals, or organisms that have been preserved in rock or sediment for millions of years.o Sentence: When ancient people dug up fossils, they often created dragon myths to explain these mysterious "bones of giants."7. Geothermalo Definition: Relating to the heat that comes from deep inside the Earth (e.g., volcanoes, hot springs).o Sentence: Geothermal features like volcanoes may have inspired dragon myths about fire-breathing creatures, as smoke and lava seemed supernatural to early humans.8. Calcite Crystalso Definition: Colorless or white minerals (a form of calcium carbonate) that often form in rocks or fossils, sometimes appearing as shiny "gems."o Sentence: Legends of dragons with gemstone crowns might come from calcite crystals embedded in local fossils, which ancient people mistook for magical stones.9. Extincto Definition: No longer existing or living (used for species that have died out completely).o Sentence: Sivatherium, an extinct giraffe-like species, had unique bone structures that could have contributed to dragon descriptions in some cultures.10. Volcanic Cratero Definition: A bowl-shaped depression at the top of a volcano, formed by eruptions or the collapse of the volcano’s cone.o Sentence: The volcanic crater in southern Turkey, which emits natural gas, may have inspired stories of the Chimera—a fire-breathing monster from Greek mythology.11. Mythical Creatureo Definition: A fictional animal or being from myths or legends, often with supernatural powers (e.g., dragons, griffins, minotaurs).o Sentence: The video discusses how mythical creatures like dragons reflect the natural phenomena ancient people could not explain.12. Chimerao Definition: A mythical creature from Greek mythology with the body of a lion, the head of a goat, and a serpent’s tail, known for breathing fire.o Sentence: According to legend, the hero Bellerophon killed the Chimera by shoving a lead block into its fire-breathing throat.13. Titan (Typhon)o Definition: In Greek mythology, Typhon is a giant, fire-breathing Titan (a race of powerful deities) who fought Zeus for control of the universe.o Sentence: The scorched landscape of western Turkey, a result of ancient volcanic activity, may have been linked to the myth of Zeus’s battle with Typhon.14. Dinosaur Footprintso Definition: Impressions left by dinosaurs’ feet in mud or sediment, which later hardened into rock and became fossils.o Sentence: Huanglong Valley in China, one of the world’s richest sites for dinosaur footprints, is nicknamed "Dragon Valley" because of its connection to dragon legends.15. Griffino Definition: A mythical creature with the body of a lion and the wings and head of an eagle, often symbolizing strength and wisdom.o Sentence: Like dragons, griffins are a focus of geological mythology—some researchers think their image was inspired by fossilized remains of ancient animals.16. Minotauro Definition: A mythical creature from Greek mythology with the body of a man and the head of a bull, who lived in a labyrinth on the island of Crete.o Sentence: Geological mythology also investigates whether myths of the Minotaur relate to unusual rock formations or fossil finds on Crete.17. Meteorite Impact Cratero Definition: A crater formed when a meteorite (a rock from space) collides with the Earth’s surface.o Sentence: Ancient Aboriginal Dreamtime stories about a "star falling into a water hole" helped researchers locate a previously uncharted meteorite impact crater in Australia.18. Geological Timelineo Definition: A chronological sequence of events in the Earth’s history, including volcanic eruptions, fossil formation, and tectonic activity.o Sentence: Stories about Pele, the Hawaiian volcano goddess, helped scientists correct the geological timeline of Kilauea Volcano by re-dating its first collapse.19. Supernaturalo Definition: Relating to forces or phenomena that cannot be explained by science or natural laws (e.g., magic, gods, mythical creatures).o Sentence: Ancient people used dragon myths to make sense of supernatural-seeming events like tornadoes or volcanic eruptions.20. Phenomenon (pl. Phenomena)o Definition: An observable fact or event, especially one that is unusual or difficult to explain (e.g., storms, fossil finds).o Sentence: The universal presence of dragon myths across cultures is a phenomenon that geological mythology seeks to understand.

2025-10-06 困难

What is the cost of a private jet?

1. Private Jet (n.)o English Definition: A small airplane designed for use by a single person or a small group of people, usually owned or chartered for personal or business travel (not part of commercial airlines).o Sentence: Many entrepreneurs choose to charter a private jet to save time on business trips across different cities.2. Charter (v. / n.)o English Definition (v.): To rent a vehicle, especially an aircraft, for a specific purpose or period; (n.): A contract to rent such a vehicle.o Sentence (v.): The company chartered a private plane to fly its executives to the international conference.o Sentence (n.): The charter of the private jet includes in-flight catering and ground transportation services.3. Acquisition Cost (n.)o English Definition: The total cost to purchase an asset, including the purchase price, taxes, fees, and other expenses related to obtaining it.o Sentence: The acquisition cost of a mid-size private jet often exceeds $5 million, not counting additional customization fees.4. Maintenance (n.)o English Definition: The process of keeping something in good condition by checking, repairing, or cleaning it regularly.o Sentence: Private jet owners must budget for monthly maintenance, which includes engine checks and interior upkeep.5. Depreciation (n.)o English Definition: The decrease in the value of an asset over time due to wear, tear, or obsolescence.o Sentence: A new private jet can lose 20% of its value in the first year, so depreciation is a major long-term cost for owners.6. Catering (n.)o English Definition: The service of providing food and drinks for events, especially on aircraft, trains, or at parties.o Sentence: The private jet’s catering menu offers gourmet meals and premium wines tailored to the passengers’ preferences.7. Hangar (n.)o English Definition: A large building used for storing aircraft (such as planes or helicopters) when they are not in use.o Sentence: Renting a hangar at a major airport adds several thousand dollars to the annual cost of owning a private jet.8. Fuel Surcharge (n.)o English Definition: An extra fee added to the cost of a service (like air travel) to cover increases in fuel prices.o Sentence: The charter company added a $2,000 fuel surcharge to the bill because of rising global oil prices.9. Landing Fee (n.)o English Definition: A fee charged by an airport to an aircraft for the right to land and use its facilities.o Sentence: Landing fees at busy international airports can be as high as $10,000 for a large private jet.10. Crew Accommodations (n.)o English Definition: Housing, meals, or other living arrangements provided for the staff (such as pilots and flight attendants) of a vehicle like a private jet.o Sentence: The charter package includes crew accommodations at a nearby hotel when the jet is grounded overnight.11. Customization (n.)o English Definition: The process of modifying a product to meet a person’s specific needs or preferences.o Sentence: The billionaire spent $1 million on the customization of his private jet’s interior, including a home theater and a bedroom.12. Obsolescence (n.)o English Definition: The state of being no longer useful or relevant because newer, better alternatives exist.o Sentence: Technological obsolescence forces some private jet owners to upgrade their avionics systems every 5–7 years.13. Avionics (n.)o English Definition: Electronic systems used in aircraft, including navigation, communication, and flight control systems.o Sentence: Updating the avionics of an older private jet can cost over $300,000 to meet modern safety standards.14. Broker (n.)o English Definition: A person or company that arranges deals between buyers and sellers, especially for expensive assets like private jets.o Sentence: The private jet broker helped the client find a used aircraft that matched their budget and travel needs.15. Lease (v. / n.)o English Definition (v.): To rent an asset (like a private jet) for a fixed period in exchange for regular payments; (n.): The contract for such an arrangement.o Sentence (v.): Instead of buying, some companies lease private jets to avoid high upfront costs.o Sentence (n.): The 5-year lease of the private jet requires monthly payments of $25,000.16. Upkeep (n.)o English Definition: The work and money needed to keep something in good condition (similar to maintenance, but often focuses on ongoing care).o Sentence: The upkeep of a private jet includes regular cleaning, engine servicing, and replacement of worn parts.17. Tax Deduction (n.)o English Definition: An amount of money that can be subtracted from a person’s or company’s income before calculating the tax they owe.o Sentence: Some businesses use private jet expenses as a tax deduction if the aircraft is used for work-related travel.18. Payload (n.)o English Definition: The total weight of passengers, cargo, and fuel that an aircraft can carry.o Sentence: A small private jet typically has a payload of 1,500–2,000 pounds, limiting the number of passengers and luggage.19. Dealer (n.)o English Definition: A person or company that buys and sells specific goods, especially expensive items like private jets.o Sentence: The private jet dealer offered a warranty on the used aircraft to reassure the buyer about its condition.20. Ground Transportation (n.)o English Definition: Vehicles (like cars, limousines, or vans) used to transport people to or from an airport or aircraft.o Sentence: The charter service includes free ground transportation from the airport to the city center for all private jet passengers.

2025-10-06 困难

The Truth about Medusa with Serpents for Hair

1. Gorgon ·Definition: In Greek mythology, any of three monstrous sisters with snakes for hair, whose gaze could turn people to stone; Medusa was the only mortal one. ·Sentence: After being cursed by Athena, Medusa transformed into a Gorgon, making everyone afraid to look directly at her.2. Olympian ·Definition: A major god or goddess in Greek mythology who lives on Mount Olympus, such as Poseidon or Athena. ·Sentence: Poseidon, as an Olympian ruling the sea and horses, dared to violate Medusa in Athena’s sacred temple.3. Desecration ·Definition: The act of damaging or showing no respect for a sacred place, object, or tradition. ·Sentence: Athena was furious about the desecration of her shrine and took revenge, though she punished Medusa instead of Poseidon.4. Shrine ·Definition: A holy place dedicated to a god, goddess, or saint, where people go to worship. ·Sentence: Medusa used to take care of Athena’s shrine carefully, but her life changed forever after the incident with Poseidon there.5. Mortal ·Definition: (Of a person) destined to die; not living forever (opposite of "immortal," used for gods in mythology). ·Sentence: Unlike her two Gorgon sisters who were immortal, Medusa remained mortal, making her a target for heroes seeking fame.6. Prophecy ·Definition: A statement saying what will happen in the future, especially one made by someone with religious or magical powers. ·Sentence: Danaë’s father received a prophecy that his grandson would kill him, so he locked Danaë and Perseus in a chest and threw it into the sea.7. Reckless ·Definition: Not thinking about the possible dangers or effects of your actions; careless. ·Sentence: Perseus accepted the reckless mission of fetching Medusa’s head, even though many heroes had failed and died before him.8. Nymph ·Definition: In Greek mythology, a female spirit of nature who lives in places like forests, rivers, or mountains (e.g., the Styx Nymphs in the video). ·Sentence: With the help of the Styx Nymphs, Perseus obtained magical items like winged sandals and an invisibility cap.9. Invisibility Cap ·Definition: A magical hat that makes the person wearing it unable to be seen (a key item in Perseus’ quest). ·Sentence: When Medusa’s sisters woke up and attacked, Perseus put on his invisibility cap to escape unharmed.10. Sickle ·Definition: A tool with a curved blade used for cutting grass or grain; in the myth, Hermes gave Perseus a magical, shining sickle to kill Medusa. ·Sentence: Guided by Athena’s shield, Perseus swung the sickle and cut off Medusa’s head in one quick move.11. Shield ·Definition: A piece of armor carried on the arm to protect against attacks; Athena’s shield was like a mirror, helping Perseus avoid Medusa’s gaze. ·Sentence: Perseus never looked directly at Medusa—he used Athena’s shield as a mirror to find her position while she slept.12. Offspring ·Definition: A child or young animal produced by a particular parent or parents. ·Sentence: From Medusa’s wound after her death, her offspring—Pegasus the winged horse and Chrysaor the warrior—were born.13. Winged Sandals ·Definition: Magical sandals with wings that allow the wearer to fly (given to Perseus by the Nymphs). ·Sentence: Perseus wore the winged sandals to fly to Medusa’s hidden cave and escape quickly after killing her.14. Amulet ·Definition: An object believed to have magical powers that protect the person wearing it (Medusa’s head later became a protective amulet in art). ·Sentence: Ancient Greek and Roman artists carved Medusa’s head on armor as an amulet to ward off evil.15. Blasphemy ·Definition: The act of speaking or acting in a way that shows disrespect for God or sacred things (similar to "desecration," used for violating sacred spaces). ·Sentence: Poseidon’s act of violating Medusa in Athena’s temple was considered blasphemy, which angered the goddess greatly.16. Quest ·Definition: A long and difficult journey made to achieve a particular goal (often used in myths for heroes’ missions). ·Sentence: Perseus’ quest to get Medusa’s head was full of challenges, but he succeeded with the help of the gods.17. Immortal ·Definition: Living forever; never dying (used for gods or mythical beings like Medusa’s Gorgon sisters). ·Sentence: Medusa’s sisters Stheno and Euryale were immortal, so they could not be killed like Medusa.18. Ceremonial ·Definition: Relating to a ceremony, especially a religious or formal one (describing actions like worshiping in a temple). ·Sentence: Medusa performed ceremonial duties by taking care of Athena’s shrine every day before she was cursed.19. Retaliation ·Definition: The act of doing something harmful to someone because they have done something harmful to you (Athena’s punishment of Medusa was an act of retaliation for the shrine’s desecration). ·Sentence: Instead of punishing Poseidon, Athena chose retaliation against Medusa, turning her into a Gorgon.20. Pantheon ·Definition: A group of all the gods in a particular religion (e.g., the Greek pantheon includes Zeus, Poseidon, and Athena). ·Sentence: The story of Medusa involves several members of the Greek pantheon, each playing a role in her fate and Perseus’ quest.

2025-10-05 困难

Why is Rice So Popular

1. consumeo 釋義：to eat or drink something; to use up a resourceo 例句：If you were to place all the rice consumed each year on one side of a scale, and every person in the world on the other, the scale would tip heavily towards rice's favor.2. culinaryo 釋義：relating to cooking or food preparationo 例句：Korean bibimbap, Nigerian jollof, Indian biryani, Spanish paella, and countless other culinary masterpieces all begin with rice.3. humbleo 釋義：not thinking that you are better or more important than other people; simple and not expensive or fancyo 例句：So how did this humble grain end up in so many cuisines?4. domesticateo 釋義：to breed animals or grow plants so that they are suitable for use by humans, especially on a farmo 例句：The roots of rice go back thousands of years to when early farmers in Asia, Africa, and South America each independently domesticated the crop.5. nomadico 釋義：relating to a way of life in which people travel from place to place rather than living in one fixed homeo 例句：Over 10,000 years ago, nomadic hunters in the region began gathering and eating seeds from a weedy grass.6. aromatico 釋義：having a pleasant smell, especially of spices or herbso 例句：With each harvest, growers selected and replanted seeds from the rice plants that pleased them most—like those with bigger and more plentiful grains or aromatic flavors.7. millenniao 釋義：plural of "millennium", a period of 1,000 yearso 例句：Over millennia, thousands of varieties of Asian rice emerged.8. cornerstoneo 釋義：an important basic part of something that provides support for ito 例句：Asian rice, however, spread widely, and is now a cornerstone of diet and culture in Asia and beyond.9. ceremonyo 釋義：a formal event held to celebrate a particular occasion or to mark an important evento 例句：In India and Nepal, many Hindus mark an infant's transition to solid foods with a ceremony known as Annaprashan.10. temperateo 釋義：(of a climate) not too hot and not too cold, with four distinct seasonso 例句：The global expansion of rice cultivation was only possible because the plant can grow in many climates—from tropical to temperate.11. semi-aquatico 釋義：living or growing partly in water and partly on lando 例句：As a semi-aquatic plant, rice happily grows in submerged soils.12. submergedo 釋義：covered or underwatero 例句：As a semi-aquatic plant, rice happily grows in submerged soils.13. irrigationo 釋義：the process of supplying water to land or crops to help them grow, especially by means of channelso 例句：Rice covers 11% of global cropland, but uses over a third of the world's irrigation water.14. greenhouse gas emissionso 釋義：gases (such as carbon dioxide or methane) that trap heat in the Earth's atmosphere, contributing to global warming; the release of these gaseso 例句：This form of rice production also pumps out a surprising amount of greenhouse gas emissions.15. methanogenso 釋義：microorganisms that produce methane as a byproduct of their metabolism, usually living in environments without oxygeno 例句：Flooded fields are the perfect breeding grounds for microorganisms known as methanogens.16. potento 釋義：having a strong effect or influence; (of a chemical or drug) having a strong effecto 例句：Methanogens are the only organisms known to produce methane—a greenhouse gas 25 times more potent than carbon dioxide at trapping heat in the atmosphere.17. copiouso 釋義：large in amount or numbero 例句：In a flooded paddy field, methanogens set to work eating away at organic material in the submerged soil and multiplying rapidly, all the while releasing copious amounts of methane.18. human-causedo 釋義：resulting from the actions of humanso 例句：The result: rice cultivation contributes around 12% of human-caused methane emissions each year.19. sustainableo 釋義：able to be maintained at a certain rate or level without causing harm to the environment or using up resourceso 例句：Making rice growing more sustainable is just one of the many challenges we'll need to face to avoid catastrophic warming.20. catastrophico 釋義：causing sudden and very serious damage or suffering; disastrouso 例句：Making rice growing more sustainable is just one of the many challenges we'll need to face to avoid catastrophic warming.

2025-10-05 困难

A Brief History of Cheese

1. Neolithico Definition: Relating to the New Stone Age, a period of human history when people began farming and using stone tools (c. 8000–2000 BCE).o Sentence from video: "As early as 8000 BCE, the earliest Neolithic farmers living in the Fertile Crescent began a legacy of cheesemaking."o Example: Neolithic communities were among the first to settle permanently instead of moving as nomads.2. Fertile Crescento Definition: A curved region in Western Asia (including parts of modern Iraq, Syria, Lebanon, and Israel) where agriculture first developed, known for its rich soil.o Sentence from video: "the earliest Neolithic farmers living in the Fertile Crescent began a legacy of cheesemaking"o Example: The Fertile Crescent is often called the "cradle of civilization" because it gave rise to early farming societies.3. coagulateo Definition: (Of a liquid, especially blood or milk) to change from a liquid to a thickened or solid state.o Sentence from video: "Its lactic acids caused proteins to coagulate, binding into soft clumps."o Example: Adding lemon juice to milk makes its proteins coagulate, forming curds.4. wheyo Definition: The thin, watery liquid that separates from the solid curds when milk sours or is coagulated (used in food production or as animal feed).o Sentence from video: "Upon discovering this strange transformation, the farmers drained the remaining liquid – later named whey –"o Example: Whey protein powder, made from dried whey, is popular among athletes for muscle growth.5. curdso Definition: The thick, solid lumps formed when milk coagulates, used to make cheese.o Sentence from video: "These clumps, or curds, became the building blocks of cheese"o Example: Fresh curds can be eaten on their own or pressed and aged to make different types of cheese.6. ripenedo Definition: (Of cheese, fruit, or wine) left to mature over time to develop better flavor, texture, or quality.o Sentence from video: "which would eventually be aged, pressed, ripened, and whizzed into a diverse cornucopia of dairy delights."o Example: This blue cheese needs to be ripened for six months to achieve its sharp, tangy taste.7. cornucopiao Definition: A large quantity or variety of something; an abundant supply.o Sentence from video: "which would eventually be aged, pressed, ripened, and whizzed into a diverse cornucopia of dairy delights."o Example: The local market offers a cornucopia of fresh fruits and vegetables in summer.8. lactoseo Definition: A sugar present in milk and dairy products, which many people (especially adults) have difficulty digesting (lactose intolerance).o Sentence from video: "But it also contained high quantities of lactose – a sugar which is difficult to process for many ancient and modern stomachs."o Example: Lactose-free milk is treated with enzymes to break down lactose, making it easier to digest.9. residueso Definition: Small amounts of a substance that remain after the main part has been removed or used.o Sentence from video: "Some 7th millennium BCE pottery fragments found in Turkey still contain telltale residues of the cheese and butter they held."o Example: Scientists analyzed the pottery residues to learn what foods ancient people ate.10. Bronze Ageo Definition: A period of human history (c. 3300–1200 BCE) when bronze tools and weapons became widespread, following the Stone Age.o Sentence from video: "By the end of the Bronze Age, cheese was a standard commodity in maritime trade throughout the eastern Mediterranean."o Example: During the Bronze Age, civilizations like the Mycenaeans developed advanced metalworking skills.11. maritime tradeo Definition: Trade (buying and selling of goods) conducted by ships across seas or oceans.o Sentence from video: "By the end of the Bronze Age, cheese was a standard commodity in maritime trade throughout the eastern Mediterranean."o Example: Maritime trade between ancient Egypt and Greece helped spread culture and technology.12. Mesopotamiao Definition: An ancient region between the Tigris and Euphrates rivers (modern Iraq), where some of the first civilizations (e.g., Sumer, Babylon) developed.o Sentence from video: "In the densely populated city-states of Mesopotamia, cheese became a staple of culinary and religious life."o Example: Mesopotamian scribes invented cuneiform, one of the earliest writing systems.13. renneto Definition: A substance (usually from the stomach lining of young cows, goats, or sheep) that contains enzymes to speed up milk coagulation, used in cheesemaking.o Sentence from video: "Records from nearby civilizations in Turkey also reference rennet."o Example: Traditional cheddar cheese is made using rennet to form firm curds.14. nomadico Definition: Relating to a way of life where people move from place to place (e.g., to find food for livestock) instead of living in one permanent settlement.o Sentence from video: "Nomadic Mongolians used yaks’ milk to create hard, sundried wedges of Byaslag."o Example: Nomadic tribes in the Sahara Desert travel with their camels to find water and grass.15. paneero Definition: A fresh, soft cheese common in South Asian cuisine, made by coagulating milk with lemon juice or vinegar (not aged).o Sentence from video: "and then hung to dry into loafs of paneer."o Example: Paneer tikka masala is a popular Indian dish where cubed paneer is cooked in a spicy tomato sauce.16. brinedo Definition: (Of food) soaked or stored in a solution of salt and water (brine) to preserve it or add flavor.o Sentence from video: "The Greeks produced bricks of salty brined feta cheese,"o Example: Brined olives are a common appetizer in Mediterranean restaurants.17. pecorino romanoo Definition: A hard, salty Italian cheese made from sheep’s milk, often used for grating over pasta or salads.o Sentence from video: "alongside a harder variety similar to today’s pecorino romano."o Example: For an authentic flavor, sprinkle pecorino romano on your spaghetti carbonara instead of parmesan.18. caseus ariduso Definition: Latin term meaning "dry cheese," a type of hard, preserved cheese used as rations by Roman soldiers.o Sentence from video: "Under Roman rule, ‘dry cheese’ or ‘caseus aridus,’ became an essential ration for the nearly 500,000 soldiers"o Example: Caseus aridus was ideal for Roman soldiers because it did not spoil easily during long marches.19. Benedictine monasterieso Definition: Religious communities following the rules of St. Benedict (a 6th-century monk), where monks lived, prayed, and worked (including cheesemaking in medieval Europe).o Sentence from video: "In the hundreds of Benedictine monasteries scattered across Europe, medieval monks experimented endlessly with different types of milk"o Example: Benedictine monasteries were important centers of learning and agriculture in medieval Europe.20. Industrial Revolutiono Definition: A period (late 18th–early 19th centuries) when economies shifted from manual labor to machine-based manufacturing, transforming industry, agriculture, and society.o Sentence from video: "Cheese remained popular through the Renaissance, and the Industrial Revolution took production out of the monastery and into machinery."o Example: The Industrial Revolution introduced steam-powered machines that made cheese production faster and more efficient.

2025-10-05 困难

英文

考试列表 44

CGTN-The World Today

What Do We Fangirl Over？

Receiving Criticism Mindfullly

Overthinking, advice session

The mid-year summary by the highly popular blogger Sydney Serena

Why are there legends about dragons in so many cultures?

What is the cost of a private jet?

The Truth about Medusa with Serpents for Hair

Why is Rice So Popular

A Brief History of Cheese