<p><span style="text-wrap-mode: nowrap;">1. Catastrophic (adj.)</span></p><p><span style="text-wrap-mode: nowrap;"> Definition: Causing sudden and very serious damage or suffering.</span></p><p><span style="text-wrap-mode: nowrap;"> Sentence: Concrete, though widely used, is prone to catastrophic cracking which</span></p><p><span style="text-wrap-mode: nowrap;">endangers building safety.</span></p><p><span style="text-wrap-mode: nowrap;">2. Hydration (n.)</span></p><p><span style="text-wrap-mode: nowrap;"> Definition: The chemical reaction between a substance and water, especially when it</span></p><p><span style="text-wrap-mode: nowrap;">hardens as a result.</span></p><p><span style="text-wrap-mode: nowrap;"> Sentence: When water is added to the concrete mixture, cement forms a paste and</span></p><p><span style="text-wrap-mode: nowrap;">hardens quickly through hydration.</span></p><p><span style="text-wrap-mode: nowrap;">3. Aggregate (n.)</span></p><p><span style="text-wrap-mode: nowrap;"> Definition: A collection of small particles, such as sand or stones, used in making</span></p><p><span style="text-wrap-mode: nowrap;">concrete.</span></p><p><span style="text-wrap-mode: nowrap;"> Sentence: Concrete consists of rough stones, sand, and aggregate mixed with</span></p><p><span style="text-wrap-mode: nowrap;">cement powder.</span></p><p><span style="text-wrap-mode: nowrap;">4. Spores (n.)</span></p><p><span style="text-wrap-mode: nowrap;"> Definition: Tiny reproductive cells produced by some plants, bacteria, and fungi that</span></p><p><span style="text-wrap-mode: nowrap;">can develop into new organisms.</span></p><p><span style="text-wrap-mode: nowrap;"> Sentence: Scientists add bacterial or fungal spores to concrete mixtures, which</span></p><p><span style="text-wrap-mode: nowrap;">remain dormant for centuries.</span></p><p><span style="text-wrap-mode: nowrap;">5. Dormant (adj.)</span></p><p><span style="text-wrap-mode: nowrap;"> Definition: In a state of inactivity but capable of becoming active later.</span></p><p><span style="text-wrap-mode: nowrap;"> Sentence: The spores in concrete stay dormant until water enters through cracks</span></p><p><span style="text-wrap-mode: nowrap;">and triggers their growth.</span></p><p><span style="text-wrap-mode: nowrap;">6. Calcium Carbonate (n.)</span></p><p><span style="text-wrap-mode: nowrap;"> Definition: A white chemical compound found in limestone, chalk, and marble, often</span></p><p><span style="text-wrap-mode: nowrap;">formed through chemical reactions.</span></p><p><span style="text-wrap-mode: nowrap;"> Sentence: The reaction between calcium hydroxide and carbon dioxide produces</span></p><p><span style="text-wrap-mode: nowrap;">calcium carbonate crystals that fill concrete cracks.</span></p><p><span style="text-wrap-mode: nowrap;">7. Calcium Hydroxide (n.)</span></p><p><span style="text-wrap-mode: nowrap;"> Definition: A white powder formed when calcium oxide reacts with water, used in</span></p><p><span style="text-wrap-mode: nowrap;">some chemical processes.</span></p><p><span style="text-wrap-mode: nowrap;"><br/></span></p><p><span style="text-wrap-mode: nowrap;"> Sentence: Water entering concrete cracks hydrates calcium oxide, forming calcium</span></p><p><span style="text-wrap-mode: nowrap;">hydroxide that further reacts with carbon dioxide.</span></p><p><span style="text-wrap-mode: nowrap;">8. Corrosion (n.)</span></p><p><span style="text-wrap-mode: nowrap;"> Definition: The process of metal being destroyed gradually by a chemical reaction</span></p><p><span style="text-wrap-mode: nowrap;">with substances like water and oxygen.</span></p><p><span style="text-wrap-mode: nowrap;"> Sentence: Small cracks in concrete let in water and oxygen, leading to the corrosion</span></p><p><span style="text-wrap-mode: nowrap;">of steel reinforcements inside.</span></p><p><span style="text-wrap-mode: nowrap;">9. Resilient (adj.)</span></p><p><span style="text-wrap-mode: nowrap;"> Definition: Able to withstand difficult conditions and quickly return to a normal</span></p><p><span style="text-wrap-mode: nowrap;">state.</span></p><p><span style="text-wrap-mode: nowrap;"> Sentence: Self-healing concrete with spores has greater potential to be more</span></p><p><span style="text-wrap-mode: nowrap;">resilient and durable than traditional concrete.</span></p><p><span style="text-wrap-mode: nowrap;">10. Microorganisms (n.)</span></p><p><span style="text-wrap-mode: nowrap;"> Definition: Very small living things that can only be seen with a microscope, such as</span></p><p><span style="text-wrap-mode: nowrap;">bacteria or fungi.</span></p><p><span style="text-wrap-mode: nowrap;"> Sentence: Hardworking microorganisms can fully repair cracks nearly one millimeter</span></p><p><span style="text-wrap-mode: nowrap;">wide in concrete within three weeks.</span></p><p><span style="text-wrap-mode: nowrap;">11. Viscous (adj.)</span></p><p><span style="text-wrap-mode: nowrap;"> Definition: Thick and sticky, not flowing easily.</span></p><p><span style="text-wrap-mode: nowrap;"> Sentence: When cracks form in concrete, fiber tubes break open and release viscous</span></p><p><span style="text-wrap-mode: nowrap;">adhesive to seal the gaps.</span></p><p><span style="text-wrap-mode: nowrap;">12. Autogenous Healing (n.)</span></p><p><span style="text-wrap-mode: nowrap;"> Definition: The natural process by which a material repairs its own small cracks</span></p><p><span style="text-wrap-mode: nowrap;">without external help.</span></p><p><span style="text-wrap-mode: nowrap;"> Sentence: Concrete has a limited autogenous healing ability—its calcium hydroxide</span></p><p><span style="text-wrap-mode: nowrap;">reacts with CO₂ to form crack-filling crystals.</span></p><p><span style="text-wrap-mode: nowrap;">13. Reinforcements (n.)</span></p><p><span style="text-wrap-mode: nowrap;"> Definition: Materials (usually steel bars) added to concrete to make it stronger and</span></p><p><span style="text-wrap-mode: nowrap;">more resistant to stress.</span></p><p><span style="text-wrap-mode: nowrap;"> Sentence: Concrete is often used as secondary support around steel reinforcements</span></p><p><span style="text-wrap-mode: nowrap;">in large structures like bridges.</span></p><p><span style="text-wrap-mode: nowrap;">14. Durability (n.)</span></p><p><span style="text-wrap-mode: nowrap;"> Definition: The ability of a material to last a long time without being damaged or</span></p><p><span style="text-wrap-mode: nowrap;">worn out.</span></p><p><span style="text-wrap-mode: nowrap;"> Sentence: Improving concrete’s self-healing ability can greatly enhance its durability</span></p><p><span style="text-wrap-mode: nowrap;">and reduce repair costs.</span></p><p><span style="text-wrap-mode: nowrap;"><br/></span></p><p><span style="text-wrap-mode: nowrap;">15. Mitigate (v.)</span></p><p><span style="text-wrap-mode: nowrap;"> Definition: To make something less severe, harmful, or painful.</span></p><p><span style="text-wrap-mode: nowrap;"> Sentence: Adding hidden adhesives to concrete is one way to mitigate the problem</span></p><p><span style="text-wrap-mode: nowrap;">of large cracks, though it has limitations.</span></p><p><span style="text-wrap-mode: nowrap;">16. Porous (adj.)</span></p><p><span style="text-wrap-mode: nowrap;"> Definition: Having small holes that allow liquid or air to pass through.</span></p><p><span style="text-wrap-mode: nowrap;"> Sentence: If concrete becomes too porous, it is more likely to absorb water and</span></p><p><span style="text-wrap-mode: nowrap;">speed up the corrosion of internal steel.</span></p><p><span style="text-wrap-mode: nowrap;">17. Formulation (n.)</span></p><p><span style="text-wrap-mode: nowrap;"> Definition: A specific mixture of ingredients used to make a product, especially a</span></p><p><span style="text-wrap-mode: nowrap;">chemical or industrial one.</span></p><p><span style="text-wrap-mode: nowrap;"> Sentence: Humans have used various cement formulations for over four thousand</span></p><p><span style="text-wrap-mode: nowrap;">years to meet different construction needs.</span></p><p><span style="text-wrap-mode: nowrap;">18. Seep (v.)</span></p><p><span style="text-wrap-mode: nowrap;"> Definition: To flow slowly through small holes or gaps.</span></p><p><span style="text-wrap-mode: nowrap;"> Sentence: Water can seep into tiny concrete cracks, activating the dormant spores</span></p><p><span style="text-wrap-mode: nowrap;">inside the material.</span></p><p><span style="text-wrap-mode: nowrap;">19. Retard (v.)</span></p><p><span style="text-wrap-mode: nowrap;"> Definition: To slow down the progress or development of something.</span></p><p><span style="text-wrap-mode: nowrap;"> Sentence: Poor concrete quality can retard the hydration process, making the</span></p><p><span style="text-wrap-mode: nowrap;">material less strong and more prone to cracking.</span></p><p><span style="text-wrap-mode: nowrap;">20. Infrastructure (n.)</span></p><p><span style="text-wrap-mode: nowrap;"> Definition: The basic systems and services that a country or organization needs to</span></p><p><span style="text-wrap-mode: nowrap;">function properly, such as roads, bridges, and buildings.</span></p><p><span style="text-wrap-mode: nowrap;"> Sentence: Self-healing concrete could revolutionize infrastructure maintenance by</span></p><p><span style="text-wrap-mode: nowrap;">reducing the need for frequent repairs.</span></p><p><br/></p>
<p><span style="text-wrap-mode: nowrap;">1. Ice Age（冰河時代）</span></p><p><span style="text-wrap-mode: nowrap;"> Simple Definition: A long period when Earth was much colder, with lots of ice on</span></p><p><span style="text-wrap-mode: nowrap;">land.</span></p><p><span style="text-wrap-mode: nowrap;"> Sentence: Long ago, during an ice age, big ice fields covered parts of Europe and</span></p><p><span style="text-wrap-mode: nowrap;">North America.</span></p><p><span style="text-wrap-mode: nowrap;">2. Carbon Dioxide（二氧化碳）</span></p><p><span style="text-wrap-mode: nowrap;"> Simple Definition: A gas in the air; too much of it makes Earth warmer.</span></p><p><span style="text-wrap-mode: nowrap;"> Sentence: Burning oil or coal adds more carbon dioxide to the air, changing the</span></p><p><span style="text-wrap-mode: nowrap;">climate.</span></p><p><span style="text-wrap-mode: nowrap;">3. Volcanic Activity（火山活動）</span></p><p><span style="text-wrap-mode: nowrap;"> Simple Definition: When volcanoes erupt, sending out gas, lava, or ash.</span></p><p><span style="text-wrap-mode: nowrap;"> Sentence: Volcanic activity is a natural thing that can change how much carbon</span></p><p><span style="text-wrap-mode: nowrap;">dioxide is in the air.</span></p><p><span style="text-wrap-mode: nowrap;">4. Earth’s Orbit（地球軌道）</span></p><p><span style="text-wrap-mode: nowrap;"> Simple Definition: The path Earth follows when it goes around the Sun.</span></p><p><span style="text-wrap-mode: nowrap;"> Sentence: Changes in Earth’s orbit can make some places get more or less sunlight</span></p><p><span style="text-wrap-mode: nowrap;">each year.</span></p><p><span style="text-wrap-mode: nowrap;">5. Summer Temperature（夏季溫度）</span></p><p><span style="text-wrap-mode: nowrap;"> Simple Definition: How hot or cool it is during summer.</span></p><p><span style="text-wrap-mode: nowrap;"> Sentence: If summer temperatures stay cool, snow from winter won’t melt, and ice</span></p><p><span style="text-wrap-mode: nowrap;">builds up over time.</span></p><p><span style="text-wrap-mode: nowrap;">6. Ice Melt（冰層融化）</span></p><p><span style="text-wrap-mode: nowrap;"> Simple Definition: When big piles of ice turn into water.</span></p><p><span style="text-wrap-mode: nowrap;"> Sentence: When more sunlight hits ice fields, ice melt starts, and the ocean levels go</span></p><p><span style="text-wrap-mode: nowrap;">up.</span></p><p><span style="text-wrap-mode: nowrap;">7. Sea Levels（海平面）</span></p><p><span style="text-wrap-mode: nowrap;"> Simple Definition: The average height of the ocean’s surface.</span></p><p><span style="text-wrap-mode: nowrap;"> Sentence: After the last ice age, ice melt made sea levels rise by 130 meters.</span></p><p><span style="text-wrap-mode: nowrap;">8. Fossil Fuels（化石燃料）</span></p><p><span style="text-wrap-mode: nowrap;"><br/></span></p><p><span style="text-wrap-mode: nowrap;"> Simple Definition: Things like coal, oil, or gas we burn for energy; they come from</span></p><p><span style="text-wrap-mode: nowrap;">old plants and animals.</span></p><p><span style="text-wrap-mode: nowrap;"> Sentence: Using more fossil fuels in the past 200 years has made carbon dioxide in</span></p><p><span style="text-wrap-mode: nowrap;">the air go up.</span></p><p><span style="text-wrap-mode: nowrap;">9. Global Temperature（全球溫度）</span></p><p><span style="text-wrap-mode: nowrap;"> Simple Definition: The average temperature of the whole Earth.</span></p><p><span style="text-wrap-mode: nowrap;"> Sentence: More carbon dioxide has made the global temperature go up by nearly 1</span></p><p><span style="text-wrap-mode: nowrap;">degree Celsius.</span></p><p><span style="text-wrap-mode: nowrap;">10. Ice Sheets（大冰原）</span></p><p><span style="text-wrap-mode: nowrap;"> Simple Definition: Huge, thick layers of ice covering large areas (like in Greenland or</span></p><p><span style="text-wrap-mode: nowrap;">Antarctica).</span></p><p><span style="text-wrap-mode: nowrap;"> Sentence: Ice sheets reflect sunlight back into space, which makes Earth even</span></p><p><span style="text-wrap-mode: nowrap;">cooler.</span></p><p><span style="text-wrap-mode: nowrap;">11. Climate Records（氣候記錄）</span></p><p><span style="text-wrap-mode: nowrap;"> Simple Definition: Info from rocks, ice, or fossils that tells us what the climate was</span></p><p><span style="text-wrap-mode: nowrap;">like before.</span></p><p><span style="text-wrap-mode: nowrap;"> Sentence: Climate records show Earth usually gets cooler over thousands of years,</span></p><p><span style="text-wrap-mode: nowrap;">but this stopped 150 years ago.</span></p><p><span style="text-wrap-mode: nowrap;">12. Coastal Cities（沿海城市）</span></p><p><span style="text-wrap-mode: nowrap;"> Simple Definition: Cities that are next to the ocean.</span></p><p><span style="text-wrap-mode: nowrap;"> Sentence: If sea levels rise 30-100 centimeters, many coastal cities will have</span></p><p><span style="text-wrap-mode: nowrap;">problems.</span></p><p><span style="text-wrap-mode: nowrap;">13. Carbon Emissions（碳排放）</span></p><p><span style="text-wrap-mode: nowrap;"> Simple Definition: Carbon dioxide released into the air (usually from burning fuels).</span></p><p><span style="text-wrap-mode: nowrap;"> Sentence: Cutting carbon emissions now can help stop too much ice from melting.</span></p><p><span style="text-wrap-mode: nowrap;">14. Antarctic Ice（南極冰）</span></p><p><span style="text-wrap-mode: nowrap;"> Simple Definition: The ice that covers the continent of Antarctica.</span></p><p><span style="text-wrap-mode: nowrap;"> Sentence: Scientists study bubbles in Antarctic ice to learn about old air and carbon</span></p><p><span style="text-wrap-mode: nowrap;">dioxide levels.</span></p><p><span style="text-wrap-mode: nowrap;">15. Marine Fossils（海洋化石）</span></p><p><span style="text-wrap-mode: nowrap;"> Simple Definition: Old remains of ocean animals or plants (like shells turned to</span></p><p><span style="text-wrap-mode: nowrap;">rock).</span></p><p><span style="text-wrap-mode: nowrap;"> Sentence: Marine fossils help scientists know how hot or cold Earth was long ago.</span></p><p><span style="text-wrap-mode: nowrap;">16. Polar Ice Caps（極地冰蓋）</span></p><p><span style="text-wrap-mode: nowrap;"><br/></span></p><p><span style="text-wrap-mode: nowrap;"> Simple Definition: Big piles of ice at the North and South Poles.</span></p><p><span style="text-wrap-mode: nowrap;"> Sentence: Without polar ice caps, the ocean would be 70 meters higher than it is</span></p><p><span style="text-wrap-mode: nowrap;">now.</span></p><p><span style="text-wrap-mode: nowrap;">17. Snowball Earth（雪球地球）</span></p><p><span style="text-wrap-mode: nowrap;"> Simple Definition: A time long ago when almost all of Earth was covered in ice.</span></p><p><span style="text-wrap-mode: nowrap;"> Sentence: About 700 million years ago, there was a Snowball Earth, with ice all over</span></p><p><span style="text-wrap-mode: nowrap;">the planet.</span></p><p><span style="text-wrap-mode: nowrap;">18. Pollen Analysis（花粉分析）</span></p><p><span style="text-wrap-mode: nowrap;"> Simple Definition: Studying old pollen from plants to learn about past climate.</span></p><p><span style="text-wrap-mode: nowrap;"> Sentence: Pollen analysis helped scientists find that temperatures were highest</span></p><p><span style="text-wrap-mode: nowrap;">about 6,000 years ago.</span></p><p><span style="text-wrap-mode: nowrap;">19. Atmospheric Air（大氣）</span></p><p><span style="text-wrap-mode: nowrap;"> Simple Definition: The air that surrounds Earth.</span></p><p><span style="text-wrap-mode: nowrap;"> Sentence: Changes in the atmospheric air’s carbon dioxide levels cause big climate</span></p><p><span style="text-wrap-mode: nowrap;">shifts.</span></p><p><span style="text-wrap-mode: nowrap;">20. Coastal Communities（沿海社區）</span></p><p><span style="text-wrap-mode: nowrap;"> Simple Definition: Groups of people living near the ocean (like small towns or</span></p><p><span style="text-wrap-mode: nowrap;">villages).</span></p><p><span style="text-wrap-mode: nowrap;"> Sentence: Stopping too much ice melt can help protect coastal communities from</span></p><p><span style="text-wrap-mode: nowrap;">rising seas.</span></p><p><br/></p>
<p><span style="text-wrap-mode: nowrap;">1. Habitats (n.)</span></p><p><span style="text-wrap-mode: nowrap;"> Simple English Definition: The usual places where people or animals live.</span></p><p><span style="text-wrap-mode: nowrap;"> Sentence in Video: Here we see an early bird and a night owl in their</span></p><p><span style="text-wrap-mode: nowrap;">natural habitats.</span></p><p><span style="text-wrap-mode: nowrap;">2. Exhausted (adj.)</span></p><p><span style="text-wrap-mode: nowrap;"> Simple English Definition: Very tired, with no energy left.</span></p><p><span style="text-wrap-mode: nowrap;"> Sentence in Video: They slowly get more and more exhausted until finally crashing</span></p><p><span style="text-wrap-mode: nowrap;">around sunset.</span></p><p><span style="text-wrap-mode: nowrap;">3. Stumbling (v.)</span></p><p><span style="text-wrap-mode: nowrap;"> Simple English Definition: Walking unsteadily, like you might fall.</span></p><p><span style="text-wrap-mode: nowrap;"> Sentence in Video: The night owl rises long after the sun, stumbling groggily from</span></p><p><span style="text-wrap-mode: nowrap;">their bed.</span></p><p><span style="text-wrap-mode: nowrap;">4. Groggily (adv.)</span></p><p><span style="text-wrap-mode: nowrap;"> Simple English Definition: In a way that’s sleepy and not clear-headed.</span></p><p><span style="text-wrap-mode: nowrap;"> Sentence in Video: The night owl rises long after the sun, stumbling groggily from</span></p><p><span style="text-wrap-mode: nowrap;">their bed.</span></p><p><span style="text-wrap-mode: nowrap;">5. Stride (n.)</span></p><p><span style="text-wrap-mode: nowrap;"> Simple English Definition: A good, steady pace where you feel active and capable.</span></p><p><span style="text-wrap-mode: nowrap;"> Sentence in Video: But they don&#39;t really hit their stride until later in the day.</span></p><p><span style="text-wrap-mode: nowrap;">6. Coast (v.)</span></p><p><span style="text-wrap-mode: nowrap;"> Simple English Definition: Keep going easily without much effort.</span></p><p><span style="text-wrap-mode: nowrap;"> Sentence in Video: At which point they comfortably coast past sunset.</span></p><p><span style="text-wrap-mode: nowrap;">7. Predetermined (adj.)</span></p><p><span style="text-wrap-mode: nowrap;"> Simple English Definition: Decided before something happens, not chosen later.</span></p><p><span style="text-wrap-mode: nowrap;"> Sentence in Video: Are our natural sleep schedules predetermined at birth?</span></p><p><span style="text-wrap-mode: nowrap;">8. Extremes (n.)</span></p><p><span style="text-wrap-mode: nowrap;"> Simple English Definition: The two very different ends of a range (like &quot;very early&quot;</span></p><p><span style="text-wrap-mode: nowrap;">and &quot;very late&quot; for sleep).</span></p><p><span style="text-wrap-mode: nowrap;"> Sentence in Video: There&#39;s a lot of space between these extremes.</span></p><p><span style="text-wrap-mode: nowrap;"><br/></span></p><p><span style="text-wrap-mode: nowrap;">9. Track (v.)</span></p><p><span style="text-wrap-mode: nowrap;"> Simple English Definition: Follow and keep an eye on something over time.</span></p><p><span style="text-wrap-mode: nowrap;"> Sentence in Video: These nerve cells respond to light exposure coming in through</span></p><p><span style="text-wrap-mode: nowrap;">your eyes to track the day-night cycle.</span></p><p><span style="text-wrap-mode: nowrap;">10. Steady (adj.)</span></p><p><span style="text-wrap-mode: nowrap;"> Simple English Definition: Regular and not changing much.</span></p><p><span style="text-wrap-mode: nowrap;"> Sentence in Video: That steady rhythm helps determine the body&#39;s flow of</span></p><p><span style="text-wrap-mode: nowrap;">hormones.</span></p><p><span style="text-wrap-mode: nowrap;">11. Flow (n.)</span></p><p><span style="text-wrap-mode: nowrap;"> Simple English Definition: The way something moves or happens over time (here,</span></p><p><span style="text-wrap-mode: nowrap;">how hormones work in the body).</span></p><p><span style="text-wrap-mode: nowrap;"> Sentence in Video: That steady rhythm helps determine the body&#39;s flow of</span></p><p><span style="text-wrap-mode: nowrap;">hormones.</span></p><p><span style="text-wrap-mode: nowrap;">12. Predictions (n.)</span></p><p><span style="text-wrap-mode: nowrap;"> Simple English Definition: Guesses about what will happen in the future.</span></p><p><span style="text-wrap-mode: nowrap;"> Sentence in Video: The system can make predictions about when you&#39;re likely to</span></p><p><span style="text-wrap-mode: nowrap;">need sleep.</span></p><p><span style="text-wrap-mode: nowrap;">13. Accordingly (adv.)</span></p><p><span style="text-wrap-mode: nowrap;"> Simple English Definition: In a way that matches what’s needed or expected.</span></p><p><span style="text-wrap-mode: nowrap;"> Sentence in Video: The system can make predictions about when you&#39;re likely to</span></p><p><span style="text-wrap-mode: nowrap;">need sleep and prepare your body accordingly.</span></p><p><span style="text-wrap-mode: nowrap;">14. Strict (adj.)</span></p><p><span style="text-wrap-mode: nowrap;"> Simple English Definition: Not flexible, with clear rules you have to follow.</span></p><p><span style="text-wrap-mode: nowrap;"> Sentence in Video: Can we change it just by sticking to a strict schedule?</span></p><p><span style="text-wrap-mode: nowrap;">15. Unique (adj.)</span></p><p><span style="text-wrap-mode: nowrap;"> Simple English Definition: Different from everyone or everything else.</span></p><p><span style="text-wrap-mode: nowrap;"> Sentence in Video: Everyone&#39;s bodies are unique.</span></p><p><span style="text-wrap-mode: nowrap;">16. Shift (v.)</span></p><p><span style="text-wrap-mode: nowrap;"> Simple English Definition: Change over time.</span></p><p><span style="text-wrap-mode: nowrap;"> Sentence in Video: While these factors can shift with age.</span></p><p><span style="text-wrap-mode: nowrap;">17. Cultivate (v.)</span></p><p><span style="text-wrap-mode: nowrap;"> Simple English Definition: Develop and keep (like habits).</span></p><p><span style="text-wrap-mode: nowrap;"> Sentence in Video: That said you can cultivate habits to help or hinder your</span></p><p><span style="text-wrap-mode: nowrap;"><br/></span></p><p><span style="text-wrap-mode: nowrap;">circadian rhythm.</span></p><p><span style="text-wrap-mode: nowrap;">18. Hinder (v.)</span></p><p><span style="text-wrap-mode: nowrap;"> Simple English Definition: Slow down or make something harder.</span></p><p><span style="text-wrap-mode: nowrap;"> Sentence in Video: That said you can cultivate habits to help or hinder your</span></p><p><span style="text-wrap-mode: nowrap;">circadian rhythm.</span></p><p><span style="text-wrap-mode: nowrap;">19. Unpredictable (adj.)</span></p><p><span style="text-wrap-mode: nowrap;"> Simple English Definition: Not easy to guess or plan for, because it changes a lot.</span></p><p><span style="text-wrap-mode: nowrap;"> Sentence in Video: Their unpredictable sleeping habits weaken their entire</span></p><p><span style="text-wrap-mode: nowrap;">circadian system.</span></p><p><span style="text-wrap-mode: nowrap;">20. Sufficient (adj.)</span></p><p><span style="text-wrap-mode: nowrap;"> Simple English Definition: Enough for what you need.</span></p><p><span style="text-wrap-mode: nowrap;"> Sentence in Video: Getting sufficient contrast between bright daylight and dimmer</span></p><p><span style="text-wrap-mode: nowrap;">nighttime light is essential.</span></p><p><br/></p>
<p><span id="docs-internal-guid-d730f865-7fff-53da-8eff-097b2b378f7d"><br/><p dir="ltr" style="line-height:1.3800000000000001;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arimo, sans-serif; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">1. genetic /dʒəˈnetɪk/ adj. 遺傳的；與基因相關的。用法：常用於修飾名詞，構成諸如genetic code（遺傳密碼）、genetic diseases（遺傳疾病）等搭配。知識點：其名詞形式為gene（基因），在生物學領域是基礎常用詞，報道中常描述與基因相關的特性或病症。</span></p><br/><p dir="ltr" style="line-height:1.3800000000000001;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arimo, sans-serif; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">2. propensity /prəˈpensəti/ n. 傾向；癖性。用法：常用搭配為“propensity for sth”或“propensity to do sth”，表示對某事的傾向。知識點：屬於正式書面用語，在文中用於描述人體易患某種疾病的基因傾向。</span></p><br/><p dir="ltr" style="line-height:1.3800000000000001;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arimo, sans-serif; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">3. DNA /ˌdiː en ˈeɪ/ n. 脫氧核糖核酸。用法：全稱是deoxyribonucleic acid，屬於專有名詞，首字母需大寫，文中作為核心名詞充當主語或賓語。知識點：是動植物細胞中承載遺傳信息的物質，其化學密碼由A、T、C、G四種鹼基構成。</span></p><br/><p dir="ltr" style="line-height:1.3800000000000001;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">4. gene editing /dʒiːn ˈedɪtɪŋ/ n. 基因編輯。用法：屬於名詞短語，在句中可作主語或賓語，如“Gene editing is a revolutionary technology”。知識點：是對DNA進行操縱的技術，文中被比喻為分子導航儀，用於定位並修復基因錯誤。</span></p><br/><p dir="ltr" style="line-height:1.3800000000000001;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arimo, sans-serif; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">5. manipulate /məˈnɪpjuleɪt/ vt. 操縱；控制；處理。用法：及物動詞，後接名詞作賓語，比如manipulate DNA（操縱脫氧核糖核酸）。知識點：該詞在科技語境中中性，指對物質的技術性處理，在社會話題中可能含貶義，指操縱他人或事務。</span></p><br/><p dir="ltr" style="line-height:1.3800000000000001;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arimo, sans-serif; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">6. faulty /ˈfɔːlti/ adj. 有缺陷的；出故障的。用法：常用於修飾名詞，像faulty gene（缺陷基因）、faulty brakes（故障剎車）。知識點：既可用於描述生物領域的基因缺陷，也可用於日常物品的故障描述，是通用性形容詞。</span></p><br/><p dir="ltr" style="line-height:1.3800000000000001;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arimo, sans-serif; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">7. snip /snɪp/ vt. 剪；剪斷 n. 剪；小剪口。用法：作動詞時可直接接賓語，如“snip the faulty gene”；作名詞時常用搭配為“a snip of sth”。知識點：文中用於形象描述基因編輯技術中剪斷缺陷基因的動作，類似“cut”但更強調精確的小幅度剪切。</span></p><br/><p dir="ltr" style="line-height:1.3800000000000001;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arimo, sans-serif; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">8. embryo /ˈembriəʊ/ n. 胚胎。用法：為可數名詞，復數形式是embryos，常用搭配為“human embryo”（人類胚胎）。知識點：指動物或人類處於母體內早期發育階段的個體，文中涉及胚胎基因編輯的研究與倫理爭議。</span></p><br/><p dir="ltr" style="line-height:1.3800000000000001;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arimo, sans-serif; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">9. implant /ɪmˈplɑːnt/ vt. 植入；移植 /ˈɪmplɑːnt/ n. 植入物。用法：作動詞時搭配如“implant embryos into women”（將胚胎植入女性體內）；作名詞時如“a heart implant”（心臟植入物）。知識點：在醫學領域常用，特指通過手術將物質或胚胎植入人體。</span></p><br/><p dir="ltr" style="line-height:1.3800000000000001;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arimo, sans-serif; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">10. ethical /ˈeθɪkl/ adj. 倫理的；道德的。用法：常用於修飾名詞，如ethical issues（倫理問題）、ethical standards（道德標準）。知識點：對應名詞為ethics（倫理學），文中用於探討基因編輯帶來的道德爭議。</span></p><br/><p dir="ltr" style="line-height:1.3800000000000001;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arimo, sans-serif; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">11. discrimination /dɪˌskrɪmɪˈneɪʃn/ n. 歧視；區分。用法：常用搭配為“discrimination against sb”（對某人的歧視）。知識點：文中指若基因編輯用於非醫療目的，可能會加劇社會中的基因歧視，該詞為正式用語。</span></p><br/><p dir="ltr" style="line-height:1.3800000000000001;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arimo, sans-serif; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">12. enhance /ɪnˈhɑːns/ vt. 增強；改進。用法：及物動詞，後接名詞，如enhance intelligence（提升智力）、enhance physical strength（增強體力）。知識點：文中用於描述對胚胎基因進行非治療性的強化，屬於基因編輯的爭議性用途。</span></p><br/><p dir="ltr" style="line-height:1.3800000000000001;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arimo, sans-serif; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">13. summit /ˈsʌmɪt/ n. 峰會；頂峰。用法：作“峰會”時，常用搭配為“international summit”（國際峰會）；作“頂峰”時指山頂等地理概念。知識點：文中指中美英三國科學院舉辦的人類基因編輯國際峰會，用於協商技術相關的規範。</span></p><br/><p dir="ltr" style="line-height:1.3800000000000001;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arimo, sans-serif; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">14. enzyme /ˈenzaɪm/ n. 酶。用法：可數名詞，復數為enzymes，文中搭配為“a nuclease enzyme”（核酸酶）。知識點：是基因編輯技術中負責剪切DNA的物質，屬於生物化學領域的核心術語。</span></p><br/><p dir="ltr" style="line-height:1.3800000000000001;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arimo, sans-serif; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">15. bioethicist /ˌbaɪəʊˈeθɪsɪst/ n. 生物倫理學家。用法：屬於職業類名詞，在句中常作主語或賓語。知識點：由bio（生物）+ethicist（倫理學家）構成，文中這類專家負責探討基因技術帶來的社會倫理問題。</span></p><p><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arimo, sans-serif; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></span></p></span></p>
<p><span id="docs-internal-guid-14a257ad-7fff-245b-86af-11460b5c57ce"><p dir="ltr" style="line-height:1.3800000000000001;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arimo, sans-serif; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">1. Skyscraper - 摩天大樓；高樓大廈：名詞，特指高度極高的多層建築，搭配build skyscrapers（建造摩天大樓）、city of skyscrapers（高樓林立的城市），區分於普通high-rise（高層建築）。</span></p><br/><p dir="ltr" style="line-height:1.3800000000000001;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arimo, sans-serif; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">2. Heritage site - 遺產地；保護區：固定短語，指被列為保護對象的歷史或自然區域，搭配UNESCO heritage site（聯合國教科文組織遺產地）、protect heritage sites（保護遺產地），是歐洲限制高樓的核心原因之一。</span></p><br/><p dir="ltr" style="line-height:1.3800000000000001;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arimo, sans-serif; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">3. Urban planning - 城市規劃：固定短語，指城市空間與建設的總體規劃，搭配strict urban planning（嚴格的城市規劃）、revise urban planning（修訂城市規劃），歐洲城市規劃強調與歷史協調。</span></p><br/><p dir="ltr" style="line-height:1.3800000000000001;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arimo, sans-serif; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">4. Height restriction - 高度限制：固定短語，指對建築高度的法律或規劃限制，搭配impose height restrictions（實施高度限制）、lift height restrictions（放寬高度限制）。</span></p><br/><p dir="ltr" style="line-height:1.3800000000000001;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arimo, sans-serif; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">5. Preserve - 保護；保存（動詞）：強調維護歷史建築或環境原貌，搭配preserve historical buildings（保護歷史建築）、preserve cultural heritage（保護文化遺產），不同於protect（泛指保護）。</span></p><br/><p dir="ltr" style="line-height:1.3800000000000001;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arimo, sans-serif; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">6. Density - 密度：名詞，指城市建築的緊湊程度，搭配urban density（城市密度）、population density（人口密度），歐洲城市傾向於“低高度、高密度”建設。</span></p><br/><p dir="ltr" style="line-height:1.3800000000000001;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arimo, sans-serif; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">7. Regulation - 規章；法規（名詞）：指約束建築行為的規則，搭配building regulations（建築法規）、comply with regulations（遵守規章），派生詞regulate（動詞）。</span></p><br/><p dir="ltr" style="line-height:1.3800000000000001;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arimo, sans-serif; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">8. Historic district - 歷史街區：固定短語，指集中保留歷史建築的區域，搭配develop historic districts（開發歷史街區）、preserve historic districts（保護歷史街區）。</span></p><br/><p dir="ltr" style="line-height:1.3800000000000001;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arimo, sans-serif; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">9. Skyline - 城市天際線：名詞，指城市建築在天空下形成的輪廓，搭配preserve the skyline（保護天際線）、dramatic skyline（壯觀的天際線），歐洲城市重視天際線的協調性。</span></p><br/><p dir="ltr" style="line-height:1.3800000000000001;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arimo, sans-serif; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">10. Obstruction - 阻礙；障礙物（名詞）：指高樓對視線、景觀或環境的阻礙，搭配visual obstruction（視覺障礙）、remove obstructions（清除障礙）。</span></p><br/><p dir="ltr" style="line-height:1.3800000000000001;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arimo, sans-serif; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">11. Cultural heritage - 文化遺產：固定短語，指人類歷史積累的文化資源，搭配protect cultural heritage（保護文化遺產）、promote cultural heritage（弘揚文化遺產）。</span></p><br/><p dir="ltr" style="line-height:1.3800000000000001;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arimo, sans-serif; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">12. Zoning - 分區規劃；區域劃分（名詞）：指城市按功能分區（如居住、商業）的規劃方式，搭配urban zoning（城市分區規劃）、residential zoning（居住分區）。</span></p><br/><p dir="ltr" style="line-height:1.3800000000000001;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arimo, sans-serif; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">13. NIMBYism - 邻避主义：名詞，指居民反對在居住地附近建設可能影響生活的設施（包括高樓），搭配oppose projects due to NIMBYism（因邻避主义反對項目），是社會層面限制高樓的因素。</span></p><br/><p dir="ltr" style="line-height:1.3800000000000001;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arimo, sans-serif; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">14. Harmonize - 協調；使和諧（動詞）：指新建建築與周邊環境保持風格一致，搭配harmonize with the surroundings（與周邊環境協調）、harmonize architectural styles（協調建築風格）。</span></p><br/><p dir="ltr" style="line-height:1.3800000000000001;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arimo, sans-serif; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">15. Infrastructure - 基礎設施：名詞，指城市的交通、能源等公共設施，搭配aging infrastructure（老舊基礎設施）、upgrade infrastructure（升級基礎設施），老舊基礎設施難以支撐高樓建設。</span></p><p><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arimo, sans-serif; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></span></p></span></p>
<p><span id="docs-internal-guid-87119e36-7fff-9ee2-21ad-7f4762a5aa36"><p dir="ltr" style="line-height:1.3800000000000001;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arimo, sans-serif; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">1. Rubin Observatory - 魯賓天文台：專有名詞，全名Vera C. Rubin Observatory（薇拉·C·魯賓天文台），位於智利，以天文學家薇拉·魯賓命名，核心裝置為大型相機。</span></p><br/><p dir="ltr" style="line-height:1.3800000000000001;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arimo, sans-serif; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">2. Cosmic eye - 宇宙之眼：比喻性短語，特指魯賓天文台的探測能力，強調其能廣域觀測宇宙的特性，例：The Rubin Observatory is hailed as the "cosmic eye" that will unlock cosmic mysteries.（魯賓天文台被譽為解開宇宙之謎的“宇宙之眼”）。</span></p><br/><p dir="ltr" style="line-height:1.3800000000000001;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arimo, sans-serif; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">3. Wide-field camera - 廣域相機：核心設備短語，指覆蓋範圍廣的天文相機，搭配mount a wide-field camera（搭載廣域相機），是魯賓天文台的核心技術裝置。</span></p><br/><p dir="ltr" style="line-height:1.3800000000000001;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arimo, sans-serif; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">4. Astronomical survey - 天文測繪；巡天觀測：固定短語，指對宇宙特定區域的系統性觀測，搭配conduct an astronomical survey（開展巡天觀測），例：The observatory will carry out a 10-year astronomical survey.（該天文台將開展為期10年的巡天觀測）。</span></p><br/><p dir="ltr" style="line-height:1.3800000000000001;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arimo, sans-serif; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">5. Cosmic mystery - 宇宙之謎：固定搭配，指未被解開的宇宙現象，搭配unlock cosmic mysteries（解開宇宙之謎）、explore cosmic mysteries（探索宇宙之謎）。</span></p><br/><p dir="ltr" style="line-height:1.3800000000000001;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arimo, sans-serif; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">6. Detect - 探測；檢測（動詞）：天文領域特指捕捉宇宙信號或物體，搭配detect asteroids（探測小行星）、detect gravitational waves（探測引力波），派生詞detection（名詞）。</span></p><br/><p dir="ltr" style="line-height:1.3800000000000001;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arimo, sans-serif; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">7. Orbit - 軌道；環繞運行（名詞/動詞）：名詞搭配earth’s orbit（地球軌道）、asteroid orbit（小行星軌道）；動詞搭配orbit the sun（環繞太陽運行），是天文學基礎術語。</span></p><br/><p dir="ltr" style="line-height:1.3800000000000001;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arimo, sans-serif; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">8. Celestial body - 天體：固定短語，指宇宙中的天體（如行星、小行星、星雲），搭配observe celestial bodies（觀測天體）、catalog celestial bodies（編目天體）。</span></p><br/><p dir="ltr" style="line-height:1.3800000000000001;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arimo, sans-serif; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">9. Data archive - 數據存檔；數據庫：固定短語，指存儲天文觀測數據的系統，搭配astronomical data archive（天文數據存檔）、access the data archive（訪問數據庫），魯賓天文台將積累海量數據存檔。</span></p><br/><p dir="ltr" style="line-height:1.3800000000000001;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arimo, sans-serif; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">10. Gravitational wave - 引力波：固定短語，指時空彎曲產生的波動，搭配detect gravitational waves（探測引力波）、study gravitational waves（研究引力波），是現代天文學熱點。</span></p><br/><p dir="ltr" style="line-height:1.3800000000000001;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arimo, sans-serif; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">11. Nebula - 星雲：名詞，指宇宙中由氣體和塵埃組成的雲狀天體，復數形式為nebulae/nebulas，例：The observatory captured clear images of a distant nebula.（天文台拍攝到了遙遠星雲的清晰圖像）。</span></p><br/><p dir="ltr" style="line-height:1.3800000000000001;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arimo, sans-serif; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">12. Launch - 啟用；發射（動詞）：此處指天文台正式投入使用，不同於“發射衛星”的常見義，搭配launch an observatory（啟用天文台）、launch a mission（啟動任務）。</span></p><br/><p dir="ltr" style="line-height:1.3800000000000001;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arimo, sans-serif; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">13. Catalog - 編目；目錄（動詞/名詞）：動詞指將天體數據分類記錄，搭配catalog cosmic objects（編目宇宙天體）；名詞搭配a catalog of stars（恆星目錄）。</span></p><br/><p dir="ltr" style="line-height:1.3800000000000001;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arimo, sans-serif; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">14. Cosmic expansion - 宇宙膨脹：固定短語，指宇宙不斷擴大的現象，搭配measure cosmic expansion（測量宇宙膨脹）、study cosmic expansion（研究宇宙膨脹），是魯賓天文台的研究方向之一。</span></p><br/><p dir="ltr" style="line-height:1.3800000000000001;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arimo, sans-serif; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">15. Prototype - 原型；樣機：名詞，指設備的初始測試版本，搭配camera prototype（相機原型）、test a prototype（測試原型），魯賓天文台的廣域相機曾經過原型測試。</span></p><p><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arimo, sans-serif; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></span></p></span></p>
<p><span style="text-wrap-mode: nowrap;">1. Festival-goer - 音樂節參與者：名詞，復數形式為festival-goers，特指參加音樂節等大型慶典活動的人，常用於戶外文化場景，例：Over 200,000 festival-goers flocked to Worthy Farm for the 2025 Glastonbury Festival.（超過20萬名音樂節參與者湧向沃西農場參加2025年格拉斯頓伯里音樂節）。</span></p><p><span style="text-wrap-mode: nowrap;"><br/></span></p><p><span style="text-wrap-mode: nowrap;">2. Line-up - 演出陣容：名詞短語，核心指音樂節的參演嘉賓名單，也可延伸至體育比賽的參賽陣容，語域靈活，例：The 2025 Glastonbury line-up includes many world-famous singers and bands.（2025年格拉斯頓伯里音樂節的演出陣容包含眾多世界知名歌手和樂隊）。</span></p><p><span style="text-wrap-mode: nowrap;"><br/></span></p><p><span style="text-wrap-mode: nowrap;">3. Headline - 擔任領銜演出（動詞）；頭條新聞（名詞）：此處為音樂領域專用義，搭配“headline the festival”（領銜音樂節演出），對應短語“headline act”（領銜演出嘉賓），例：Loyle Carner headlines the Pyramid Stage on the final day of the festival.（洛伊爾·卡納在音樂節最後一天領銜金字塔舞臺演出）。</span></p><p><span style="text-wrap-mode: nowrap;"><br/></span></p><p><span style="text-wrap-mode: nowrap;">4. Pyramid Stage - 金字塔舞臺：專有名詞，格拉斯頓伯里音樂節的標誌性舞臺，是頂級藝人的核心演出場地，具有強烈的場景專屬性。</span></p><p><span style="text-wrap-mode: nowrap;"><br/></span></p><p><span style="text-wrap-mode: nowrap;">5. Tourette Syndrome - 圖雷特綜合征：醫學專有名詞，屬神經發育障礙，主要表現為不自主的抽搐和發聲，例：Lewis Capaldi bravely continued his performance despite struggling with Tourette Syndrome.（劉易斯·卡普爾迪雖受圖雷特綜合征困擾，仍勇敢地完成了演出）。</span></p><p><span style="text-wrap-mode: nowrap;"><br/></span></p><p><span style="text-wrap-mode: nowrap;">6. ADHD - 注意力缺陷多動障礙：英文縮寫（全稱Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder），醫學與教育領域高頻術語，例：Loyle Carner used his performance to raise awareness of ADHD.（洛伊爾·卡納通過演出呼籲人們關注注意力缺陷多動障礙）。</span></p><p><span style="text-wrap-mode: nowrap;"><br/></span></p><p><span style="text-wrap-mode: nowrap;">7. Fallow year - 休耕年：名詞短語，原指農田休養恢復肥力的年份，此處特指格拉斯頓伯里音樂節每5年停辦一次的年份，例：2024 is a fallow year for Glastonbury, so the festival will return in 2025.（2024年是格拉斯頓伯里音樂節的休耕年，因此音樂節將於2025年回歸）。</span></p><p><span style="text-wrap-mode: nowrap;"><br/></span></p><p><span style="text-wrap-mode: nowrap;">8. Worthy Farm - 沃西農場：專有名詞，格拉斯頓伯里音樂節的固定舉辦地，由音樂節聯合創始人Michael Eavis所有，是該節慶的核心地標。</span></p><p><span style="text-wrap-mode: nowrap;"><br/></span></p><p><span style="text-wrap-mode: nowrap;">9. Anguish - 極度痛苦：名詞，強調精神或情感上的深切苦惱，語氣比pain更強烈，常用於描述困境中的強烈感受，例：The audience felt his anguish when he couldn’t continue singing due to illness.（當他因身體不適無法繼續演唱時，觀眾感受到了他的極度痛苦）。</span></p><p><span style="text-wrap-mode: nowrap;"><br/></span></p><p><span style="text-wrap-mode: nowrap;">10. Debut - 首次亮相（名詞/動詞）：指藝人首次在重要場合演出或作品首次發布，搭配“make one’s debut”（首次亮相），例：Alanis Morissette made her Glastonbury debut in 2025.（艾拉妮絲·莫莉塞特於2025年首次登上格拉斯頓伯里音樂節的舞臺）。</span></p><p><span style="text-wrap-mode: nowrap;"><br/></span></p><p><span style="text-wrap-mode: nowrap;">11. Cider - 蘋果酒：名詞，英式戶外活動中頗受歡迎的飲品，是格拉斯頓伯里音樂節的代表性體驗之一，例：Many festival-goers enjoy drinking cold cider while watching performances.（許多音樂節參與者喜歡一邊喝冰蘋果酒一邊看演出）。</span></p><p><span style="text-wrap-mode: nowrap;"><br/></span></p><p><span style="text-wrap-mode: nowrap;">12. Charity - 慈善機構；慈善事業：名詞，該音樂節的核心宗旨之一是籌集慈善資金，搭配“raise money for charity”（為慈善籌款），例：Glastonbury Festival raises millions of pounds for charity every year.（格拉斯頓伯里音樂節每年為慈善事業籌集數百萬英鎊）。</span></p><p><span style="text-wrap-mode: nowrap;"><br/></span></p><p><span style="text-wrap-mode: nowrap;">13. Immersive - 身臨其境的：形容詞，用於描述藝術、節慶等帶來的深度參與式體驗，搭配“immersive experience”（沉浸式體驗），例：The sound system on the Pyramid Stage creates an immersive musical experience.（金字塔舞臺的音響系統帶來了身臨其境的音樂體驗）。</span></p><p><span style="text-wrap-mode: nowrap;"><br/></span></p><p><span style="text-wrap-mode: nowrap;">14. Volunteer - 志願者；自願服務（名詞/動詞）：音樂節所有工作人員均為志願者，搭配“work as a volunteer”（擔任志願者），例：Thousands of volunteers help run Glastonbury Festival smoothly.（數千名志願者協助格拉斯頓伯里音樂節順利舉行）。</span></p><p><span style="text-wrap-mode: nowrap;"><br/></span></p><p><span style="text-wrap-mode: nowrap;">15. Live - 現場直播的；現場演出的（形容詞/副詞）：核心強調“實時性”，搭配“live performance”（現場演出）、“watch live”（觀看直播），例：The festival’s headline acts are broadcast live on national TV.（音樂節的領銜演出通過國家電視臺現場直播）。</span></p><p><br/></p>
<p><span id="docs-internal-guid-c8da6b34-7fff-5dc0-c674-694ba18984b6"><p dir="ltr" style="line-height:1.3800000000000001;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arimo, sans-serif; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">1. Disrupt - 顛覆；擾亂（動詞）：指AI徹底改變廣告行業原有模式，語域正式，搭配disrupt an industry（顛覆一個行業）、disrupt traditional practices（打破傳統做法），派生詞disruption（名詞，顛覆）。</span></p><br/><p dir="ltr" style="line-height:1.3800000000000001;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arimo, sans-serif; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">2. Targeted advertising - 定向廣告：固定短語，指基於用戶數據精確推送的廣告，搭配AI-powered targeted advertising（AI驅動的定向廣告）、deliver targeted advertising（投放定向廣告），區分於general advertising（大眾廣告）。</span></p><br/><p dir="ltr" style="line-height:1.3800000000000001;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arimo, sans-serif; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">3. Algorithm - 算法（名詞）：AI運作的核心技術，指數據處理的規則體系，搭配advertising algorithm（廣告算法）、optimize algorithms（優化算法），是技術領域基礎術語。</span></p><br/><p dir="ltr" style="line-height:1.3800000000000001;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arimo, sans-serif; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">4. Personalization - 個性化（名詞）：指廣告根據用戶偏好定制，搭配advertising personalization（廣告個性化）、achieve personalization（實現個性化），派生詞personalize（動詞）。</span></p><br/><p dir="ltr" style="line-height:1.3800000000000001;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arimo, sans-serif; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">5. Data analytics - 數據分析：固定短語，指通過數據挖掘用戶需求，搭配AI data analytics（AI數據分析）、apply data analytics（運用數據分析），是定向廣告的核心支撐。</span></p><br/><p dir="ltr" style="line-height:1.3800000000000001;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arimo, sans-serif; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">6. Campaign - 廣告活動（名詞）：指一系列有明確目標的廣告推廣，搭配launch an advertising campaign（啟動廣告活動）、AI-driven campaign（AI驅動的廣告活動），行業高頻用詞。</span></p><br/><p dir="ltr" style="line-height:1.3800000000000001;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arimo, sans-serif; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">7. Automation - 自動化（名詞）：指AI自動完成廣告創作、投放等流程，搭配advertising automation（廣告自動化）、improve automation efficiency（提升自動化效率），派生詞automate（動詞）。</span></p><br/><p dir="ltr" style="line-height:1.3800000000000001;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arimo, sans-serif; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">8. ROI (Return on Investment) - 投資回報率（名詞）：衡量廣告效果的核心指標，搭配maximize ROI（最大化投資回報率）、track ROI（跟蹤投資回報率），財經與廣告領域通用術語。</span></p><br/><p dir="ltr" style="line-height:1.3800000000000001;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arimo, sans-serif; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">9. Creative process - 創意過程：固定短語，指廣告構思、設計的環節，搭配AI-assisted creative process（AI輔助的創意過程）、streamline the creative process（簡化創意過程）。</span></p><br/><p dir="ltr" style="line-height:1.3800000000000001;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arimo, sans-serif; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">10. Audience segmentation - 受眾細分：固定短語，指將受眾按需求分組，搭配AI-enabled audience segmentation（AI支持的受眾細分）、conduct audience segmentation（開展受眾細分），是定向廣告的前提。</span></p><br/><p dir="ltr" style="line-height:1.3800000000000001;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arimo, sans-serif; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">11. Optimize - 優化；完善（動詞）：指提升廣告投放效率與效果，搭配optimize ad placement（優化廣告投放）、optimize user experience（優化用戶體驗），語域正式。</span></p><br/><p dir="ltr" style="line-height:1.3800000000000001;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arimo, sans-serif; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">12. Impression - 曝光量（名詞）：指廣告被用戶看到的次數，搭配ad impressions（廣告曝光量）、increase impressions（增加曝光量），是廣告效果統計核心指標。</span></p><br/><p dir="ltr" style="line-height:1.3800000000000001;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arimo, sans-serif; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">13. Conversion rate - 轉化率（名詞）：指用戶看到廣告後完成目標行為（如購買）的比例，搭配improve conversion rate（提升轉化率）、analyze conversion rate（分析轉化率）。</span></p><br/><p dir="ltr" style="line-height:1.3800000000000001;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arimo, sans-serif; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">14. Ethical concern - 道德擔憂：固定短語，指AI廣告帶來的數據隱私等問題，搭配raise ethical concerns（引發道德擔憂）、address ethical concerns（解決道德擔憂）。</span></p><br/><p dir="ltr" style="line-height:1.3800000000000001;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arimo, sans-serif; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">15. Viral marketing - 病毒式營銷：固定短語，指通過AI策劃傳播力強的廣告，搭配AI-generated viral marketing（AI生成的病毒式營銷）、launch viral marketing（開展病毒式營銷）。</span></p><p><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arimo, sans-serif; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></span></p></span></p>
<p><span id="docs-internal-guid-52a07d2a-7fff-325c-e57f-f5acc799809f"><p dir="ltr" style="line-height:1.3800000000000001;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arimo, sans-serif; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">1. Mobile addiction - 手機成癮：固定短語，指對手機使用產生強烈依賴的行為，搭配suffer from mobile addiction（患上手機成癮）、combat mobile addiction（對抗手機成癮），區分於normal mobile use（正常手機使用）。</span></p><br/><p dir="ltr" style="line-height:1.3800000000000001;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arimo, sans-serif; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">2. Elderly population - 老年人群體：固定短語，指年長者群體，搭配the elderly population（老年人群體）、target the elderly population（針對老年人群體），同義表達senior citizens。</span></p><br/><p dir="ltr" style="line-height:1.3800000000000001;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arimo, sans-serif; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">3. Screen time - 屏幕使用時間：固定短語，指使用電子設備的累計時間，搭配excessive screen time（過度屏幕使用時間）、limit screen time（限制屏幕使用時間），是成癮相關核心表達。</span></p><br/><p dir="ltr" style="line-height:1.3800000000000001;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arimo, sans-serif; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">4. Isolation - 孤獨；隔離：名詞，指老年人因缺乏現實互動導致的孤獨狀態，搭配social isolation（社交隔離）、alleviate isolation（緩解孤獨），是手機成癮的重要誘因。</span></p><br/><p dir="ltr" style="line-height:1.3800000000000001;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arimo, sans-serif; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">5. Dependency - 依賴；依賴性：名詞，強調「難以脫離的依賴關係」，搭配digital dependency（數位依賴）、develop a dependency on phones（形成對手機的依賴），派生詞dependent（形容詞）。</span></p><br/><p dir="ltr" style="line-height:1.3800000000000001;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arimo, sans-serif; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">6. Detrimental - 有害的；不利的：形容詞，修飾成癮帶來的負面影響，搭配detrimental to health（對健康有害）、detrimental to social relationships（對人際關係不利），語域正式。</span></p><br/><p dir="ltr" style="line-height:1.3800000000000001;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arimo, sans-serif; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">7. Alleviate - 減輕；緩解：動詞，指緩解孤獨、焦慮等問題，搭配alleviate loneliness（緩解孤獨）、alleviate stress（減輕壓力），不同於solve（解決），強調「減輕程度」。</span></p><br/><p dir="ltr" style="line-height:1.3800000000000001;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arimo, sans-serif; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">8. Digital literacy - 數位素養：固定短語，指合理使用數位設備的能力，搭配improve digital literacy（提升數位素養）、lack digital literacy（缺乏數位素養），是幫助老年人正確用手機的關鍵。</span></p><br/><p dir="ltr" style="line-height:1.3800000000000001;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arimo, sans-serif; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">9. Anxiety - 焦慮；不安：名詞，指過度使用手機引發的情緒問題，搭配phone-related anxiety（與手機相關的焦慮）、reduce anxiety（減少焦慮），派生詞anxious（形容詞）。</span></p><br/><p dir="ltr" style="line-height:1.3800000000000001;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arimo, sans-serif; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">10. Moderation - 適度；節制：名詞，指合理控制手機使用頻率，搭配use phones in moderation（適度使用手機）、promote moderation in screen time（倡導屏幕使用節制），反義詞excess（過度）。</span></p><br/><p dir="ltr" style="line-height:1.3800000000000001;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arimo, sans-serif; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">11. Engagement - 參與；互動：名詞，指現實中的社交參與，搭配social engagement（社交互動）、increase community engagement（增加社區參與），與手機虛擬互動形成對比。</span></p><br/><p dir="ltr" style="line-height:1.3800000000000001;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arimo, sans-serif; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">12. Predispose - 使傾向於；使易於：動詞，常用搭配predispose sb. to sth.（使某人易於陷入某物），例：Loneliness may predispose the elderly to mobile addiction.（孤獨可能使老年人易於陷入手機成癮）。</span></p><br/><p dir="ltr" style="line-height:1.3800000000000001;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arimo, sans-serif; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">13. Well-being - 健康；幸福感：名詞，指身心整體狀態，搭配physical and mental well-being（身心健康）、promote well-being（提升幸福感），是衡量成癮影響的核心指標。</span></p><br/><p dir="ltr" style="line-height:1.3800000000000001;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arimo, sans-serif; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">14. Intervene - 干預；介入：動詞，指採取措施幫助成癮者，搭配intervene in mobile addiction（干預手機成癮）、timely intervene（及時介入），派生詞intervention（名詞）。</span></p><br/><p dir="ltr" style="line-height:1.3800000000000001;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arimo, sans-serif; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">15. Virtual interaction - 虛擬互動：固定短語，指通過手機等設備進行的線上互動，搭配replace real interaction with virtual interaction（用虛擬互動取代真實互動），與social engagement相對。</span></p><br/></span></p>
<p><span id="docs-internal-guid-2b6b9547-7fff-04b6-4ec2-de758fe62cef"><p dir="ltr" style="line-height:1.3800000000000001;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arimo, sans-serif; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">1. Academic integrity - 學術誠信：固定短語，指學習與學術研究中誠實不作弊的原則，搭配uphold academic integrity（堅持學術誠信）、violate academic integrity（違反學術誠信），是教育領域核心術語。</span></p><br/><p dir="ltr" style="line-height:1.3800000000000001;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arimo, sans-serif; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">2. Ghostwriter - 槍手；代筆者：名詞，指代替他人完成作業、論文等的人，此處引申為「AI代筆工具」，搭配AI ghostwriter（AI槍手）、hire a ghostwriter（僱用槍手）。</span></p><br/><p dir="ltr" style="line-height:1.3800000000000001;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arimo, sans-serif; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">3. Assistive tool - 輔助工具：固定短語，指幫助提升學習效率的工具，搭配AI assistive tool（AI輔助工具）、use assistive tools（使用輔助工具），與ghostwriter形成語義對比。</span></p><br/><p dir="ltr" style="line-height:1.3800000000000001;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arimo, sans-serif; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">4. Plagiarism - 抄襲；剽竊：名詞，指未經授權使用他人成果的行為，搭配commit plagiarism（抄襲）、plagiarism detection（抄襲檢測），派生詞plagiarize（動詞）。</span></p><br/><p dir="ltr" style="line-height:1.3800000000000001;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arimo, sans-serif; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">5. Ethical dilemma - 道德兩難：固定短語，指面臨兩種道德選擇的困境，搭配face an ethical dilemma（面臨道德兩難）、solve an ethical dilemma（解決道德兩難），此處特指AI使用的道德爭議。</span></p><br/><p dir="ltr" style="line-height:1.3800000000000001;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arimo, sans-serif; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">6. Enhance - 提升；增強：動詞，強調「使某物更優越」，搭配enhance learning efficiency（提升學習效率）、enhance critical thinking（增強批判性思維），不同於replace（取代）。</span></p><br/><p dir="ltr" style="line-height:1.3800000000000001;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arimo, sans-serif; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">7. Substitute - 替代；替代品（動詞/名詞）：動詞搭配substitute for sb./sth.（替代某人/某物）；名詞搭配a substitute for（……的替代品），指AI取代學習主體的行為。</span></p><br/><p dir="ltr" style="line-height:1.3800000000000001;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arimo, sans-serif; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">8. Supervise - 監督；管理：動詞，指監控AI使用過程以確保合規，搭配supervise students’ AI use（監督學生的AI使用）、closely supervise（嚴格監督），派生詞supervision（名詞）。</span></p><br/><p dir="ltr" style="line-height:1.3800000000000001;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arimo, sans-serif; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">9. Critical thinking - 批判性思維：固定短語，指獨立分析與評判的能力，搭配foster critical thinking（培養批判性思維）、apply critical thinking（運用批判性思維），是抵禦AI濫用的核心能力。</span></p><br/><p dir="ltr" style="line-height:1.3800000000000001;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arimo, sans-serif; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">10. Accountability - 問責；責任擔當：名詞，指對自身學習行為負責，搭配take accountability for（對……負責）、strengthen accountability（強化責任感）。</span></p><br/><p dir="ltr" style="line-height:1.3800000000000001;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arimo, sans-serif; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">11. Navigate - 應對；規劃路徑（動詞）：此處指應對AI帶來的學習挑戰，搭配navigate the AI era（應對AI時代）、navigate ethical issues（應對道德問題），語域靈活。</span></p><br/><p dir="ltr" style="line-height:1.3800000000000001;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arimo, sans-serif; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">12. Autonomous learning - 自主學習：固定短語，指獨立制訂計劃、完成學習的能力，搭配promote autonomous learning（促進自主學習）、develop autonomous learning（培養自主學習能力）。</span></p><br/><p dir="ltr" style="line-height:1.3800000000000001;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arimo, sans-serif; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">13. Detect - 檢測；發現：動詞，特指發現不合規行為，搭配detect AI-generated content（檢測AI生成內容）、detect plagiarism（檢測抄襲），派生詞detection（名詞）。</span></p><br/><p dir="ltr" style="line-height:1.3800000000000001;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arimo, sans-serif; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">14. Guideline - 指導方針；準則：名詞，指規範行為的標準，搭配issue guidelines（發布準則）、follow guidelines（遵循準則），例：Schools released AI use guidelines for students.</span></p><br/><p dir="ltr" style="line-height:1.3800000000000001;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arimo, sans-serif; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">15. Compromise - 損害；妥協（動詞/名詞）：此處為「損害」義，搭配compromise learning outcomes（損害學習效果）、compromise integrity（損害誠信），語域正式。</span></p><br/></span></p>