<p style="text-indent:32px;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph"><span style=";font-family:PMingLiU;font-size:16px"></span></p><p style="text-align:center;line-height:150%"><strong><span style=";font-family:PMingLiU;line-height:150%;font-size:19px">第一篇</span></strong></p><p style="line-height: 150%;"><strong><span style=";font-family:PMingLiU;line-height:150%;font-size:19px"><br/></span></strong></p><p style="text-indent:32px;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph"><span style=";font-family:PMingLiU;font-size:16px">一位青年朋友來訪,說他近日讀到一篇文章,說過去受木桶短板原理的影響,認為一隻木桶能盛多少水,並不取決於最長的那塊木板,而是取決於最短的那塊木板,因而對人的成長,總是着重於補短板,改善薄弱環節。然而,隨着社會的快速發展,社會分工愈來愈細,社會協作也愈來愈完善,人只有充分展示其「長板」,將自己的長處發揮到極致,方能顯示其獨特價值,因而更應重視發揚自身的長處,這叫長板原理。</span><br/></p><p style="text-indent:32px;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph"><span style=";font-family:PMingLiU;font-size:16px"><br/></span></p><p style="text-indent:32px;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph"><span style=";font-family:PMingLiU;font-size:16px">他問我的看法。</span></p><p style="text-indent:32px;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph"><span style=";font-family:PMingLiU;font-size:16px"><br/></span></p><p style="text-indent:32px;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph"><span style=";font-family:PMingLiU;font-size:16px">我說,木桶的短板原理,確實影響很大,其論述也自有其道理;不過,它也只是一種觀察角度。它提出不久,就有人提出新的看法,認為木桶效應要從多方面考慮,比如將木桶傾斜後,木板傾斜面愈長就能裝下更多的水,因而不能只看重補短板,同時也需要重視加強長板。人的成長,要避短與揚長並舉,既要全面發展,又要學有所專。</span></p><p style="text-indent:32px;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph"><span style=";font-family:PMingLiU;font-size:16px"><br/></span></p><p style="text-indent:32px;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph"><span style=";font-family:PMingLiU;font-size:16px">青年朋友說,我國的教育方針,是要培養德智體美全面發展的人,似乎更傾向補短板。我說,全面發展是要求學生在德智體等方面都要達到做人的基本要求,既不能少智,也不可缺德,還不宜成為病夫美盲,但這並不意味着在才能上都要平均發展。由於人的天資稟賦不同,有人喜工,有人樂文,有人善邏輯推理,有人長形象思維,因而同時強調要因材施教,充分發揮受教者的特長,培養造就各式各樣的專才。揚長與補短並不相悖。</span></p><p style="text-indent:32px;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph"><span style=";font-family:PMingLiU;font-size:16px"><br/></span></p><p style="text-indent:32px;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph"><span style=";font-family:PMingLiU;font-size:16px">不過,「金無足赤,人無完人」,從歷史上看,沒有「短板」的全才,是不多的,推動歷史發展的多是那些雖有「短板」但具有特定專長的人才。他們並非樣樣有「才」,而是存有「短板」,但其「長板」特別突出,在特定的領域獨領風騷,呈天才之姿。</span><strong><span style=";font-family:PMingLiU;font-size:16px">學者季羨林說過,許多被稱為天才的人,實際上是偏才、專才,而不是沒有「短板」的全才。</span></strong><span style=";font-family:PMingLiU;font-size:16px"><span style="font-family:PMingLiU">歷史上雖出現過像達</span><span style="font-family:PMingLiU">‧芬奇這樣在多個領域都精彩出眾的「全才」,但數量極少,寥若晨星。</span></span><strong><span style=";font-family:PMingLiU;font-size:16px">隨着社會的發展,社會的分工愈來愈細,學術領域的不斷擴大,一個人傾其全部的生命和熱情,也難於成為沒有「短板」的「全才」,因而專心致志於某個心儀的領域,深耕細作,着重拓展自己的「長板」,成為特定領域的傑出「專家」,則是一條有益於成材的路。</span></strong></p><p style="text-indent:32px;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph"><strong><span style=";font-family:PMingLiU;font-size:16px"><br/></span></strong></p><p style="text-indent:32px;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph"><span style=";font-family:PMingLiU;font-size:16px">當前,網絡的快速發展加速了我們前進的步伐,行業的分化愈來愈細,相互的協作愈來愈方便,每個人既可以依靠組織和協作去發揮自身的光與熱,也可以成為自由職業者揮灑自己的才能。在這樣的情況下,更需要重視發展自身的「長板」,只要將自身的長處發揮到極致,不管你在體制內外,從事甚麼工作,都能很好地呈現自己的價值,得到社會的尊重。即使你在某些方面存有「短板」,比如你一心研究科技,並不關心那些網紅時尚,顯得有些「孤陋寡聞」,這不要緊,只要你擁有獨特的「長板」,或有精巧的手上工夫,或有奇妙的創新設想,都能受到關注與認可。當今,愈來愈多的事例顯示了這樣一個趨向:決定一個人的水平與價值的,是其「長板」,而非「短板」。鐵拐李腿瘸是其短板,但他有高超的長板,依靠枴杖就可以立在水面過海,因而成仙;孫悟空儘管爭強好勝、急躁衝動,但瑕不掩瑜,憑着火眼金睛、七十二變等長板,出色地護送唐僧到達西天,終登佛榜。</span></p><p style="text-indent:32px;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph"><span style=";font-family:PMingLiU;font-size:16px"><br/></span></p><p style="text-indent:32px;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph"><span style=";font-family:PMingLiU;font-size:16px">基於此,我說:處於當今改革創新的時代,</span><strong><span style=";font-family:PMingLiU;font-size:16px">在人才的培養使用上,確實要使原來的木桶短板理論讓位於木桶長板理論,讓「揚長」重於「補短」</span></strong><span style=";font-family:PMingLiU;font-size:16px">,這也是社會變革前行的一種必然要求吧。</span></p><p><span style=";font-family:PMingLiU;font-size:16px">汪曾祺《也說木桶的短板與長板》(節錄)</span></p><p><span style=";font-family:PMingLiU;font-size:16px"><br/></span></p><p><span style=";font-family:PMingLiU;font-size:16px"></span></p><p style="text-align:center"><strong><span style="font-family: PMingLiU;font-size: 19px">第二篇</span></strong></p><p><strong><span style="font-family: PMingLiU;font-size: 19px"><br/></span></strong></p><p style="text-indent:32px;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph"><span style=";font-family:PMingLiU;font-size:16px"><span style="font-family:PMingLiU">凡山陵之高,非削成而崛起也,必步增而稍上焉;川谷之卑,非截斷而顛陷也,必陂池</span><span style="font-family:PMingLiU">[1]而稍下焉。是故</span></span><strong><span style="font-family: PMingLiU;font-size: 16px">積</span></strong><span style=";font-family:PMingLiU;font-size:16px"><span style="font-family:PMingLiU">上不止,必致嵩山之高;積下不已,必極黃泉</span><span style="font-family:PMingLiU">[2]之深。非獨山川也,人行亦然。有布衣積善不</span></span><strong><span style="font-family: PMingLiU;font-size: 16px">怠</span></strong><span style=";font-family:PMingLiU;font-size:16px"><span style="font-family:PMingLiU">,必致顏、閔</span><span style="font-family:PMingLiU">[3]之賢;積惡不休,必致桀、跖[4]之名。非獨布衣也,人臣亦然。積正不倦,必生節義之志;積邪不止,必生暴弒之心。非獨人臣也,國君亦然,政教積德,必致安泰之福;舉錯[5]數失,必致危亡之禍。故仲尼[6]曰:「湯、武[7]非一善而王也,桀、紂[8]非一惡而亡也。三代[9]之廢興也,在其所積。積善多者,雖有一惡,是謂過失,未足以亡;積惡多者,雖有一善,是謂誤中,未足以存。」人君聞此,可以悚愳[10];布衣聞此,可以改容。</span></span></p><p style="text-indent:32px;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph"><span style=";font-family:PMingLiU;font-size:16px"><span style="font-family:PMingLiU"><br/></span></span></p><p style="text-indent:32px;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph"><strong><span style="font-family: PMingLiU;font-size: 16px">且夫邪之與正,猶水與火,不同原,不得并盛。</span></strong><span style=";font-family:PMingLiU;font-size:16px"><span style="font-family:PMingLiU">正性勝,則遂重己不忍虧也,故伯夷</span><span style="font-family:PMingLiU">[11]餓死而不恨。邪性勝,則忸怵[</span></span><span style=";font-family:PMingLiU;font-size:16px">1</span><span style=";font-family:PMingLiU;font-size:16px">2]而不忍</span><strong><span style="font-family: PMingLiU;font-size: 16px">舍</span></strong><span style=";font-family:PMingLiU;font-size:16px"><span style="font-family:PMingLiU">也,故王莽</span><span style="font-family:PMingLiU">[</span></span><span style=";font-family:PMingLiU;font-size:16px">1</span><span style=";font-family:PMingLiU;font-size:16px">3]竊位而不慚,積惡習之所致也。</span></p><p style="text-align:right"><span style=";font-family:PMingLiU;font-size:16px;background:rgb(255,255,255)"><span style="font-family:PMingLiU">王符《</span></span><span style=";font-family:PMingLiU;font-size:16px"><span style="font-family:PMingLiU">潛夫論</span><span style="font-family:PMingLiU">‧慎微</span></span><span style=";font-family:PMingLiU;font-size:16px;background:rgb(255,255,255)"><span style="font-family:PMingLiU">》(節錄)</span></span></p><p style="text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph"><span style=";font-family:'Times New Roman';font-size:16px"> </span></p><p><strong><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';font-size: 16px"> </span></strong></p><p style="text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph"><strong><span style="font-family: PMingLiU;font-size: 16px">注釋</span></strong></p><p style="margin-left: 34px; text-align: left;"><span style=";font-family:PMingLiU;letter-spacing:1px;font-size:16px;background:rgb(255,255,255)"><span style="font-family:PMingLiU">[1]</span></span> <span style=";font-family:PMingLiU;font-size:16px">陂池:也作「陂陀」,緩緩地傾斜着的樣子。</span></p><p style="margin-left: 32px; text-align: left;"><span style=";font-family:PMingLiU;font-size:16px">[2]</span> <span style=";font-family:PMingLiU;font-size:16px">黃泉:地下深處的泉水。</span></p><p style="margin-left: 32px; text-align: left;"><span style=";font-family:PMingLiU;font-size:16px">[3]</span> <span style=";font-family:PMingLiU;font-size:16px">顏、閔:顏,顏回,孔子弟子,以安貧樂道、刻苦好學著稱。閔,閔子騫,孔子弟子,以事親至孝而聞名。</span></p><p style="margin-left: 32px; text-align: left;"><span style=";font-family:PMingLiU;font-size:16px">[4]</span> <span style=";font-family:PMingLiU;font-size:16px">桀、跖:桀,夏桀,夏朝末代君主,暴虐無道。跖,盜跖,相傳是古代的大盜,生性殘暴。</span></p><p style="margin-left: 34px; text-align: left;"><span style=";font-family:PMingLiU;letter-spacing:1px;font-size:16px;background:rgb(255,255,255)"><span style="font-family:PMingLiU">[5]</span></span> <span style=";font-family:PMingLiU;letter-spacing:1px;font-size:16px;background:rgb(255,255,255)"><span style="font-family:PMingLiU">錯:通「措」,舉措,指人的言行舉動。</span></span></p><p style="margin-left: 34px; text-align: left;"><span style=";font-family:PMingLiU;letter-spacing:1px;font-size:16px;background:rgb(255,255,255)"><span style="font-family:PMingLiU">[6]</span></span> <span style=";font-family:PMingLiU;letter-spacing:1px;font-size:16px;background:rgb(255,255,255)"><span style="font-family:PMingLiU">仲尼:孔子,春秋時期魯國人,儒家學說的代表人物。</span></span></p><p style="margin-left: 34px; text-align: left;"><span style=";font-family:PMingLiU;letter-spacing:1px;font-size:16px;background:rgb(255,255,255)"><span style="font-family:PMingLiU">[7]</span></span> <span style=";font-family:PMingLiU;letter-spacing:1px;font-size:16px;background:rgb(255,255,255)"><span style="font-family:PMingLiU">湯、武:湯,商湯,商朝開國君主,在位期間鼓勵生產,安撫民心,使國力強盛。武,周武王,西周開國君主,重用賢人,使國力日益強大。</span></span></p><p style="margin-left: 34px; text-align: left;"><span style=";font-family:PMingLiU;letter-spacing:1px;font-size:16px;background:rgb(255,255,255)"><span style="font-family:PMingLiU">[8]</span></span> <span style=";font-family:PMingLiU;letter-spacing:1px;font-size:16px;background:rgb(255,255,255)"><span style="font-family:PMingLiU">紂:商紂,商朝最後一任君主,耽於酒色,重刑暴斂,使民怨四起。</span></span></p><p style="margin-left: 34px; text-align: left;"><span style=";font-family:PMingLiU;letter-spacing:1px;font-size:16px;background:rgb(255,255,255)"><span style="font-family:PMingLiU">[9]</span></span> <span style=";font-family:PMingLiU;letter-spacing:1px;font-size:16px;background:rgb(255,255,255)"><span style="font-family:PMingLiU">三代:即夏、商、周三朝。</span></span></p><p style="margin-left: 34px; text-align: left;"><span style=";font-family:PMingLiU;letter-spacing:1px;font-size:16px;background:rgb(255,255,255)"><span style="font-family:PMingLiU">[10]</span></span> <span style=";font-family:PMingLiU;letter-spacing:1px;font-size:16px;background:rgb(255,255,255)"><span style="font-family:PMingLiU">愳:同「懼」,害怕。</span></span></p><p style="margin-left: 34px; text-align: left;"><span style=";font-family:PMingLiU;letter-spacing:1px;font-size:16px;background:rgb(255,255,255)"><span style="font-family:PMingLiU">[11]</span></span> <span style=";font-family:PMingLiU;letter-spacing:1px;font-size:16px;background:rgb(255,255,255)"><span style="font-family:PMingLiU">伯夷:商末孤竹國君主的兒子。周武王起兵討伐商紂後,他不滿周武王父死不葬和以武力奪權,以吃周朝的糧食為恥,結果在首陽山餓死。</span></span></p><p style="margin-left: 34px; text-align: left;"><span style=";font-family:PMingLiU;letter-spacing:1px;font-size:16px;background:rgb(255,255,255)"><span style="font-family:PMingLiU">[12]</span></span> <span style=";font-family:PMingLiU;letter-spacing:1px;font-size:16px;background:rgb(255,255,255)"><span style="font-family:PMingLiU">忸怵:忸,通「狃」,習慣。怵,應為「忕」的形訛,習慣。《後漢書</span><span style="font-family:PMingLiU">‧馮異傳》載「忸忕小利」,指世人習慣追逐利益。</span></span></p><p style="margin-left: 34px; text-align: left;"><span style=";font-family:PMingLiU;letter-spacing:1px;font-size:16px;background:rgb(255,255,255)"><span style="font-family:PMingLiU">[13]</span></span> <span style=";font-family:PMingLiU;letter-spacing:1px;font-size:16px;background:rgb(255,255,255)"><span style="font-family:PMingLiU">王莽:漢孝元皇后的姪兒,以外戚身份專政,後篡漢自立,國號新。</span></span></p><p><span style=";font-family:PMingLiU;font-size:16px"></span><br/></p><p><span style=";font-family:PMingLiU;font-size:16px"><br/></span></p><p><br/></p>
<p style="text-align: center;"><span style="text-wrap-mode: wrap; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-family: sans-serif, 微軟正黑體; text-align: center;">勸學(節錄) 荀子</span></p><p style="text-wrap-mode: wrap; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: inherit; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 30px; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-family: sans-serif, 微軟正黑體; text-align: justify;"> 君子曰︰學不可以已。青,取之於藍,而青於藍;冰,水為之,<wbr/>而寒於水。木直中繩,輮以為輪,其曲中規;雖有槁暴、不復挺者,<strong>1.</strong><wbr/>輮使之然也。<strong>2.</strong>故木受繩則直,<strong>3.</strong>金就礪則利,<strong>4.</strong>君子博學而日參省乎己,<strong>5.</strong>則知明而行無過矣。</p><p style="text-wrap-mode: wrap; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: inherit; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 30px; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-family: sans-serif, 微軟正黑體; text-align: justify;"> <strong>6.</strong>吾嘗終日而思矣,<strong>7.</strong>不如須臾之所學也;<strong>8.</strong>吾嘗跂而望矣,<wbr/><strong>9.</strong>不如登高之博見也。<strong>10.</strong>登高而招,臂非加長也,而見者遠。順風而呼,<wbr/>聲非加疾也,而聞者彰。假輿馬者,非利足也,而致千里;<wbr/>假舟楫者,非能水也,而絕江河。君子生非異也,善假於物也。</p><p style="text-wrap-mode: wrap; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: inherit; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 30px; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-family: sans-serif, 微軟正黑體; text-align: justify;"> 積土成山,風雨興焉;積水成淵,蛟龍 生焉;積善成德,<wbr/>而神明自得,聖心備焉。故不積跬步,無以至千里;不積小流,<wbr/>無以成江海。騏驥一躍,不能十步;駑馬十駕,功在不舍。<wbr/>鍥而舍之,朽木不折;鍥而不舍,金石可鏤。螾無爪牙之利,<wbr/>筋骨之強,上食埃土,下飲黃泉,用心一也。蟹六跪而二螯,<wbr/>非蛇蟺之穴無可寄託者,用心躁也。</p><p><br/></p>
<p style="text-align: center;"><span style="text-wrap-mode: wrap; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-family: sans-serif, 微軟正黑體; text-align: center;">勸學(節錄) 荀子</span></p><p style="text-wrap-mode: wrap; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: inherit; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 30px; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-family: sans-serif, 微軟正黑體; text-align: justify;"> 君子曰︰<strong>1.</strong>學不可以已。<strong>2.</strong>青,取之於藍,<strong>3.</strong>而青於藍;<strong>4.</strong>冰,水為之,<strong>5.</strong><wbr/>而寒於水。6.木直中繩,<strong>7.</strong>輮以為輪,<strong>8.</strong>其曲中規;<strong>9.</strong>雖有槁暴、<strong>10.</strong>不復挺者,<wbr/>輮使之然也。故木受繩則直,金就礪則利,君子博學而日參省乎己,<wbr/>則知明而行無過矣。</p><p style="text-wrap-mode: wrap; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: inherit; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 30px; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-family: sans-serif, 微軟正黑體; text-align: justify;"> 吾嘗終日而思矣,不如須臾之所學也;吾嘗跂而望矣,<wbr/>不如登高之博見也。登高而招,臂非加長也,而見者遠。順風而呼,<wbr/>聲非加疾也,而聞者彰。假輿馬者,非利足也,而致千里;<wbr/>假舟楫者,非能水也,而絕江河。君子生非異也,善假於物也。</p><p style="text-wrap-mode: wrap; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: inherit; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 30px; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-family: sans-serif, 微軟正黑體; text-align: justify;"> 積土成山,風雨興焉;積水成淵,蛟龍 生焉;積善成德,<wbr/>而神明自得,聖心備焉。故不積跬步,無以至千里;不積小流,<wbr/>無以成江海。騏驥一躍,不能十步;駑馬十駕,功在不舍。<wbr/>鍥而舍之,朽木不折;鍥而不舍,金石可鏤。螾無爪牙之利,<wbr/>筋骨之強,上食埃土,下飲黃泉,用心一也。蟹六跪而二螯,<wbr/>非蛇蟺之穴無可寄託者,用心躁也<span style="color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-family: sans-serif, 微軟正黑體; text-align: justify; text-wrap-mode: wrap; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">。</span></p>
<p style="text-wrap-mode: wrap; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); margin-top: 0.5em; margin-bottom: 1em; color: rgb(32, 33, 34);"><span style="font-family: "Noto Sans HK", "Noto Sans HK Fallback: Noto Sans HK", sans-serif; font-size: 18px;">《六國論》蘇洵</span></p><p style="text-wrap-mode: wrap; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); margin-top: 0.5em; margin-bottom: 1em; color: rgb(32, 33, 34);">六國破滅,非兵不利,戰不善,弊在賂<span style="text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-style: solid;">秦</span>。賂<span style="text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-style: solid;">秦</span>而力虧,<wbr/>破滅之道也。或曰:「六國互喪,率賂<span style="text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-style: solid;">秦</span>耶?」曰:「<wbr/>不賂者以賂者喪,蓋失強援,不能獨完,故曰弊在賂<span style="text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-style: solid;">秦</span>也。」</p><p style="text-wrap-mode: wrap; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); margin-top: 0.5em; margin-bottom: 1em; color: rgb(32, 33, 34);"><span style="text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-style: solid;">秦</span>以攻取之外,小則獲邑,大則得城,較<span style="text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-style: solid;">秦</span>之所得,與戰勝而得者,<wbr/>其實百倍;諸侯之所亡,與戰敗而亡者,其實亦百倍。則<span style="text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-style: solid;">秦</span>之所大欲<wbr/>,諸侯之所大患,固不在戰矣。思厥先祖父,暴霜露,斬荊棘,<wbr/>以有尺寸之地。子孫視之不甚惜,舉以予人,如棄草芥。<wbr/>今日割五城,明日割十城,然後得一夕安寢。起視四境,而<span style="text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-style: solid;">秦</span>兵又至<wbr/>矣。然則諸侯之地有限,暴<span style="text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-style: solid;">秦</span>之欲無厭,奉之彌繁,侵之愈急,<wbr/>故不戰而強弱勝負已判矣。至於顛覆,理固宜然。古人云:「以地事<span style="text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-style: solid;"><wbr/>秦</span>,猶抱薪救火,薪不盡,火不滅。」此言得之。</p><p style="text-wrap-mode: wrap; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); margin-top: 0.5em; margin-bottom: 1em; color: rgb(32, 33, 34);"><span style="text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-style: solid;">齊</span>人未嘗賂<span style="text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-style: solid;">秦</span>,終繼五國遷滅,何哉?與<span style="text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-style: solid;">嬴</span>而不助五國也。<wbr/>五國既喪,<span style="text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-style: solid;">齊</span>亦不免矣。<span style="text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-style: solid;">燕</span>、<span style="text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-style: solid;">趙</span>之君,始有遠略,能守其土,義不賂<span style="text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-style: solid;"><wbr/>秦</span>。是故<span style="text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-style: solid;">燕</span>雖小國而後亡,斯用兵之效也。至<span style="text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-style: solid;">丹</span>以<span style="text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-style: solid;">荊</span>卿為計,<wbr/>始速禍焉。<span style="text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-style: solid;">趙</span>嘗五戰於<span style="text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-style: solid;">秦</span>,<strong>1.</strong>二敗而三勝。<strong>2.</strong>後<span style="text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-style: solid;">秦</span>擊<span style="text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-style: solid;">趙</span>者再,<strong>3.</strong><span style="text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-style: solid;">李牧</span>連卻之<wbr/>。<strong>4.</strong>洎<span style="text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-style: solid;">牧</span>以讒誅,<strong>5.</strong><span style="text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-style: solid;">邯鄲</span>為郡;<strong>6.</strong>惜其用武而不終也。</p><p style="text-wrap-mode: wrap; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); margin-top: 0.5em; margin-bottom: 1em; color: rgb(32, 33, 34);"><strong>7.</strong>且<span style="text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-style: solid;">燕</span>、<span style="text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-style: solid;">趙</span>處<span style="text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-style: solid;">秦</span>革滅殆盡之際,<strong>8.</strong>可謂智力孤危,<strong>9.</strong>戰敗而亡,誠不得已。<strong>10.</strong><wbr/>向使三國各愛其地,<span style="text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-style: solid;">齊</span>人勿附於<span style="text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-style: solid;">秦</span>,刺客不行,良將猶在,<wbr/>則勝負之數,存亡之理,當與<span style="text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-style: solid;">秦</span>相較,或未易量。</p><p style="text-wrap-mode: wrap; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); margin-top: 0.5em; margin-bottom: 1em; color: rgb(32, 33, 34);">嗚呼!以賂<span style="text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-style: solid;">秦</span>之地,封天下之謀臣;以事<span style="text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-style: solid;">秦</span>之心,禮天下之奇才;<wbr/>併力西向,則吾恐<span style="text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-style: solid;">秦</span>人食之不得下咽也。悲夫!有如此之勢,而為<span style="text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-style: solid;">秦</span><wbr/>人積威之所劫,日削月割,以趨於亡,為國者無使為積威之所劫哉!</p><p style="text-wrap-mode: wrap; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); margin-top: 0.5em; margin-bottom: 1em; color: rgb(32, 33, 34);">夫六國與<span style="text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-style: solid;">秦</span>皆諸侯,其勢弱於<span style="text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-style: solid;">秦</span>,而猶有可以不賂而勝之之勢;<wbr/>茍以天下之大,而從六國破亡之故事,是又在六國下矣!</p><p><br/></p>
<p style="text-wrap-mode: wrap; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); margin-top: 0.5em; margin-bottom: 1em; color: rgb(32, 33, 34);"><span style="font-family: "Noto Sans HK", "Noto Sans HK Fallback: Noto Sans HK", sans-serif; font-size: 18px;">《六國論》蘇洵</span></p><p style="text-wrap-mode: wrap; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); margin-top: 0.5em; margin-bottom: 1em; color: rgb(32, 33, 34);">六國破滅,非兵不利,戰不善,弊在賂<span style="text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-style: solid;">秦</span>。賂<span style="text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-style: solid;">秦</span>而力虧,<wbr/>破滅之道也。或曰:「六國互喪,率賂<span style="text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-style: solid;">秦</span>耶?」曰:「<wbr/>不賂者以賂者喪,蓋失強援,不能獨完,故曰弊在賂<span style="text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-style: solid;">秦</span>也。」</p><p style="text-wrap-mode: wrap; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); margin-top: 0.5em; margin-bottom: 1em; color: rgb(32, 33, 34);"><span style="text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-style: solid;">秦</span>以攻取之外,小則獲邑,大則得城,較<span style="text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-style: solid;">秦</span>之所得,與戰勝而得者,<wbr/>其實百倍;諸侯之所亡,與戰敗而亡者,其實亦百倍。則<span style="text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-style: solid;">秦</span>之所大欲<wbr/>,諸侯之所大患,固不在戰矣。思厥先祖父,暴霜露,斬荊棘,<wbr/>以有尺寸之地。子孫視之不甚惜,舉以予人,如棄草芥。<wbr/>今日割五城,明日割十城,然後得一夕安寢。起視四境,而<span style="text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-style: solid;">秦</span>兵又至<wbr/>矣。然則諸侯之地有限,暴<span style="text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-style: solid;">秦</span>之欲無厭,奉之彌繁,侵之愈急,<wbr/>故不戰而強弱勝負已判矣。至於顛覆,理固宜然。古人云:「以地事<span style="text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-style: solid;"><wbr/>秦</span>,猶抱薪救火,薪不盡,火不滅。」此言得之。</p><p style="text-wrap-mode: wrap; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); margin-top: 0.5em; margin-bottom: 1em; color: rgb(32, 33, 34);"><span style="text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-style: solid;">齊</span>人未嘗賂<span style="text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-style: solid;">秦</span>,終繼五國遷滅,何哉?<strong>1.</strong>與<span style="text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-style: solid;">嬴</span>而不助五國也。<strong>2.</strong><wbr/>五國既喪,<span style="text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-style: solid;">齊</span>亦不免矣。<strong>3.</strong><span style="text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-style: solid;">燕</span>、<span style="text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-style: solid;">趙</span>之君,始有遠略,<strong>4.</strong>能守其土,<strong>5.</strong>義不賂<span style="text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-style: solid;"><wbr/>秦</span>。<strong>6.</strong>是故<span style="text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-style: solid;">燕</span>雖小國而後亡,<strong>7.</strong>斯用兵之效也。<strong>8.</strong>至<span style="text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-style: solid;">丹</span>以<span style="text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-style: solid;">荊</span>卿為計,<strong>9.</strong><wbr/>始速禍焉。<strong>10.</strong><span style="text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-style: solid;">趙</span>嘗五戰於<span style="text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-style: solid;">秦</span>,二敗而三勝。後<span style="text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-style: solid;">秦</span>擊<span style="text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-style: solid;">趙</span>者再,<span style="text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-style: solid;">李牧</span>連卻之<wbr/>。洎<span style="text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-style: solid;">牧</span>以讒誅,<span style="text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-style: solid;">邯鄲</span>為郡;惜其用武而不終也。</p><p style="text-wrap-mode: wrap; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); margin-top: 0.5em; margin-bottom: 1em; color: rgb(32, 33, 34);">且<span style="text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-style: solid;">燕</span>、<span style="text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-style: solid;">趙</span>處<span style="text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-style: solid;">秦</span>革滅殆盡之際,可謂智力孤危,戰敗而亡,誠不得已。<wbr/>向使三國各愛其地,<span style="text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-style: solid;">齊</span>人勿附於<span style="text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-style: solid;">秦</span>,刺客不行,良將猶在,<wbr/>則勝負之數,存亡之理,當與<span style="text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-style: solid;">秦</span>相較,或未易量。</p><p style="text-wrap-mode: wrap; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); margin-top: 0.5em; margin-bottom: 1em; color: rgb(32, 33, 34);">嗚呼!以賂<span style="text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-style: solid;">秦</span>之地,封天下之謀臣;以事<span style="text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-style: solid;">秦</span>之心,禮天下之奇才;<wbr/>併力西向,則吾恐<span style="text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-style: solid;">秦</span>人食之不得下咽也。悲夫!有如此之勢,而為<span style="text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-style: solid;">秦</span><wbr/>人積威之所劫,日削月割,以趨於亡,為國者無使為積威之所劫哉!</p><p style="text-wrap-mode: wrap; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); margin-top: 0.5em; margin-bottom: 1em; color: rgb(32, 33, 34);">夫六國與<span style="text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-style: solid;">秦</span>皆諸侯,其勢弱於<span style="text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-style: solid;">秦</span>,而猶有可以不賂而勝之之勢;<wbr/>茍以天下之大,而從六國破亡之故事,是又在六國下矣!</p><p><br/></p>
<p style="text-wrap-mode: wrap; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); margin-top: 0.5em; margin-bottom: 1em; color: rgb(32, 33, 34);"><span style="font-family: "Noto Sans HK", "Noto Sans HK Fallback: Noto Sans HK", sans-serif; font-size: 18px;">《六國論》蘇洵</span></p><p style="text-wrap-mode: wrap; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); margin-top: 0.5em; margin-bottom: 1em; color: rgb(32, 33, 34);">六國破滅,非兵不利,戰不善,弊在賂<span style="text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-style: solid;">秦</span>。賂<span style="text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-style: solid;">秦</span>而力虧,<wbr/>破滅之道也。或曰:「六國互喪,率賂<span style="text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-style: solid;">秦</span>耶?」曰:「<wbr/>不賂者以賂者喪,蓋失強援,不能獨完,故曰弊在賂<span style="text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-style: solid;">秦</span>也。」</p><p style="text-wrap-mode: wrap; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); margin-top: 0.5em; margin-bottom: 1em; color: rgb(32, 33, 34);"><span style="text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-style: solid;">秦</span>以攻取之外,小則獲邑,大則得城,較<span style="text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-style: solid;">秦</span>之所得,與戰勝而得者,<wbr/>其實百倍;諸侯之所亡,與戰敗而亡者,其實亦百倍。則<span style="text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-style: solid;">秦</span>之所大欲<wbr/>,諸侯之所大患,固不在戰矣。思厥先祖父,暴霜露,斬荊棘,<wbr/>以有尺寸之地。子孫視之不甚惜,舉以予人,如棄草芥。<wbr/>今日割五城,明日割十城,然後得一夕安寢。起視四境,而<span style="text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-style: solid;">秦</span>兵又至<wbr/>矣。然則諸侯之地有限,暴<span style="text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-style: solid;">秦</span>之欲無厭,奉之彌繁,侵之愈急,<strong>1.</strong><wbr/>故不戰而強弱勝負已判矣。<strong>2.</strong>至於顛覆,<strong>3.</strong>理固宜然。古人云:「<strong>4.</strong>以地事<span style="text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-style: solid;"><wbr/>秦</span>,<strong>5.</strong>猶抱薪救火,<strong>6.</strong>薪不盡,火不滅。」<strong>7.</strong>此言得之。</p><p style="text-wrap-mode: wrap; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); margin-top: 0.5em; margin-bottom: 1em; color: rgb(32, 33, 34);"><span style="text-decoration: none;"><strong>8.</strong></span><span style="text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-style: solid;">齊</span>人未嘗賂<span style="text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-style: solid;">秦</span>,<strong>9.</strong>終繼五國遷滅,<strong>10.</strong>何哉?與<span style="text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-style: solid;">嬴</span>而不助五國也。<wbr/>五國既喪,<span style="text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-style: solid;">齊</span>亦不免矣。<span style="text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-style: solid;">燕</span>、<span style="text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-style: solid;">趙</span>之君,始有遠略,能守其土,義不賂<span style="text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-style: solid;"><wbr/>秦</span>。是故<span style="text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-style: solid;">燕</span>雖小國而後亡,斯用兵之效也。至<span style="text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-style: solid;">丹</span>以<span style="text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-style: solid;">荊</span>卿為計,<wbr/>始速禍焉。<span style="text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-style: solid;">趙</span>嘗五戰於<span style="text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-style: solid;">秦</span>,二敗而三勝。後<span style="text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-style: solid;">秦</span>擊<span style="text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-style: solid;">趙</span>者再,<span style="text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-style: solid;">李牧</span>連卻之<wbr/>。洎<span style="text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-style: solid;">牧</span>以讒誅,<span style="text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-style: solid;">邯鄲</span>為郡;惜其用武而不終也。</p><p style="text-wrap-mode: wrap; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); margin-top: 0.5em; margin-bottom: 1em; color: rgb(32, 33, 34);">且<span style="text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-style: solid;">燕</span>、<span style="text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-style: solid;">趙</span>處<span style="text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-style: solid;">秦</span>革滅殆盡之際,可謂智力孤危,戰敗而亡,誠不得已。<wbr/>向使三國各愛其地,<span style="text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-style: solid;">齊</span>人勿附於<span style="text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-style: solid;">秦</span>,刺客不行,良將猶在,<wbr/>則勝負之數,存亡之理,當與<span style="text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-style: solid;">秦</span>相較,或未易量。</p><p style="text-wrap-mode: wrap; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); margin-top: 0.5em; margin-bottom: 1em; color: rgb(32, 33, 34);">嗚呼!以賂<span style="text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-style: solid;">秦</span>之地,封天下之謀臣;以事<span style="text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-style: solid;">秦</span>之心,禮天下之奇才;<wbr/>併力西向,則吾恐<span style="text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-style: solid;">秦</span>人食之不得下咽也。悲夫!有如此之勢,而為<span style="text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-style: solid;">秦</span><wbr/>人積威之所劫,日削月割,以趨於亡,為國者無使為積威之所劫哉!</p><p style="text-wrap-mode: wrap; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); margin-top: 0.5em; margin-bottom: 1em; color: rgb(32, 33, 34);">夫六國與<span style="text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-style: solid;">秦</span>皆諸侯,其勢弱於<span style="text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-style: solid;">秦</span>,而猶有可以不賂而勝之之勢;<wbr/>茍以天下之大,而從六國破亡之故事,是又在六國下矣!</p><p><br/></p>
<p style="text-wrap-mode: wrap; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); margin-top: 0.5em; margin-bottom: 1em; color: rgb(32, 33, 34);"><span style="font-family: "Noto Sans HK", "Noto Sans HK Fallback: Noto Sans HK", sans-serif; font-size: 18px;">《六國論》蘇洵</span></p><p style="text-wrap-mode: wrap; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); margin-top: 0.5em; margin-bottom: 1em; color: rgb(32, 33, 34);">六國破滅,非兵不利,戰不善,弊在賂<span style="text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-style: solid;">秦</span>。賂<span style="text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-style: solid;">秦</span>而力虧,<wbr/>破滅之道也。或曰:「六國互喪,率賂<span style="text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-style: solid;">秦</span>耶?」曰:「<wbr/>不賂者以賂者喪,蓋失強援,不能獨完,故曰弊在賂<span style="text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-style: solid;">秦</span>也。」</p><p style="text-wrap-mode: wrap; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); margin-top: 0.5em; margin-bottom: 1em; color: rgb(32, 33, 34);"><span style="text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-style: solid;">秦</span>以攻取之外,小則獲邑,大則得城,較<span style="text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-style: solid;">秦</span>之所得,與戰勝而得者,<wbr/>其實百倍;諸侯之所亡,與戰敗而亡者,其實亦百倍。則<span style="text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-style: solid;">秦</span>之所大欲<wbr/>,諸侯之所大患,固不在戰矣。思厥先祖父,暴霜露,斬荊棘,<wbr/>以有尺寸之地。<strong>1.</strong>子孫視之不甚惜,<strong>2.</strong>舉以予人,<strong>3.</strong>如棄草芥。<strong>4.</strong><wbr/>今日割五城,明日割十城,<strong>5.</strong>然後得一夕安寢。<strong>6.</strong>起視四境,而<span style="text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-style: solid;">秦</span>兵又至<wbr/>矣。<strong>7.</strong>然則諸侯之地有限,<strong>8.</strong>暴<span style="text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-style: solid;">秦</span>之欲無厭,<strong>9.</strong>奉之彌繁,<strong>10.</strong>侵之愈急,<wbr/>故不戰而強弱勝負已判矣。至於顛覆,理固宜然。古人云:「以地事<span style="text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-style: solid;"><wbr/>秦</span>,猶抱薪救火,薪不盡,火不滅。」此言得之。</p><p style="text-wrap-mode: wrap; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); margin-top: 0.5em; margin-bottom: 1em; color: rgb(32, 33, 34);"><span style="text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-style: solid;">齊</span>人未嘗賂<span style="text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-style: solid;">秦</span>,終繼五國遷滅,何哉?與<span style="text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-style: solid;">嬴</span>而不助五國也。<wbr/>五國既喪,<span style="text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-style: solid;">齊</span>亦不免矣。<span style="text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-style: solid;">燕</span>、<span style="text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-style: solid;">趙</span>之君,始有遠略,能守其土,義不賂<span style="text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-style: solid;"><wbr/>秦</span>。是故<span style="text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-style: solid;">燕</span>雖小國而後亡,斯用兵之效也。至<span style="text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-style: solid;">丹</span>以<span style="text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-style: solid;">荊</span>卿為計,<wbr/>始速禍焉。<span style="text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-style: solid;">趙</span>嘗五戰於<span style="text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-style: solid;">秦</span>,二敗而三勝。後<span style="text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-style: solid;">秦</span>擊<span style="text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-style: solid;">趙</span>者再,<span style="text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-style: solid;">李牧</span>連卻之<wbr/>。洎<span style="text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-style: solid;">牧</span>以讒誅,<span style="text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-style: solid;">邯鄲</span>為郡;惜其用武而不終也。</p><p style="text-wrap-mode: wrap; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); margin-top: 0.5em; margin-bottom: 1em; color: rgb(32, 33, 34);">且<span style="text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-style: solid;">燕</span>、<span style="text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-style: solid;">趙</span>處<span style="text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-style: solid;">秦</span>革滅殆盡之際,可謂智力孤危,戰敗而亡,誠不得已。<wbr/>向使三國各愛其地,<span style="text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-style: solid;">齊</span>人勿附於<span style="text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-style: solid;">秦</span>,刺客不行,良將猶在,<wbr/>則勝負之數,存亡之理,當與<span style="text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-style: solid;">秦</span>相較,或未易量。</p><p style="text-wrap-mode: wrap; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); margin-top: 0.5em; margin-bottom: 1em; color: rgb(32, 33, 34);">嗚呼!以賂<span style="text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-style: solid;">秦</span>之地,封天下之謀臣;以事<span style="text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-style: solid;">秦</span>之心,禮天下之奇才;<wbr/>併力西向,則吾恐<span style="text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-style: solid;">秦</span>人食之不得下咽也。悲夫!有如此之勢,而為<span style="text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-style: solid;">秦</span><wbr/>人積威之所劫,日削月割,以趨於亡,為國者無使為積威之所劫哉!</p><p style="text-wrap-mode: wrap; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); margin-top: 0.5em; margin-bottom: 1em; color: rgb(32, 33, 34);">夫六國與<span style="text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-style: solid;">秦</span>皆諸侯,其勢弱於<span style="text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-style: solid;">秦</span>,而猶有可以不賂而勝之之勢;<wbr/>茍以天下之大,而從六國破亡之故事,是又在六國下矣!</p><p><br/></p>
<p style="text-wrap-mode: wrap; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); margin-top: 0.5em; margin-bottom: 1em; color: rgb(32, 33, 34);"><span style="font-family: "Noto Sans HK", "Noto Sans HK Fallback: Noto Sans HK", sans-serif; font-size: 18px;">《六國論》蘇洵</span></p><p style="text-wrap-mode: wrap; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); margin-top: 0.5em; margin-bottom: 1em; color: rgb(32, 33, 34);">六國破滅,非兵不利,戰不善,弊在賂<span style="text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-style: solid;">秦</span>。賂<span style="text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-style: solid;">秦</span>而力虧,<wbr/>破滅之道也。或曰:「六國互喪,率賂<span style="text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-style: solid;">秦</span>耶?」曰:「<wbr/>不賂者以賂者喪,蓋失強援,不能獨完,故曰弊在賂<span style="text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-style: solid;">秦</span>也。」</p><p style="text-wrap-mode: wrap; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); margin-top: 0.5em; margin-bottom: 1em; color: rgb(32, 33, 34);"><span style="text-decoration: none;"><strong>1.</strong></span><span style="text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-style: solid;">秦</span>以攻取之外,<strong>2.</strong>小則獲邑,大則得城,<strong>3.</strong>較<span style="text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-style: solid;">秦</span>之所得,與戰勝而得者,<strong>4.</strong><wbr/>其實百倍;<strong>5.</strong>諸侯之所亡,與戰敗而亡者,其實亦百倍。<strong>6.</strong>則<span style="text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-style: solid;">秦</span>之所大欲<wbr/>,諸侯之所大患,<strong>7.</strong>固不在戰矣。<strong>8.</strong>思厥先祖父,<strong>9.</strong>暴霜露,斬荊棘,<strong>10.</strong><wbr/>以有尺寸之地。子孫視之不甚惜,舉以予人,如棄草芥。<wbr/>今日割五城,明日割十城,然後得一夕安寢。起視四境,而<span style="text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-style: solid;">秦</span>兵又至<wbr/>矣。然則諸侯之地有限,暴<span style="text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-style: solid;">秦</span>之欲無厭,奉之彌繁,侵之愈急,<wbr/>故不戰而強弱勝負已判矣。至於顛覆,理固宜然。古人云:「以地事<span style="text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-style: solid;"><wbr/>秦</span>,猶抱薪救火,薪不盡,火不滅。」此言得之。</p><p style="text-wrap-mode: wrap; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); margin-top: 0.5em; margin-bottom: 1em; color: rgb(32, 33, 34);"><span style="text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-style: solid;">齊</span>人未嘗賂<span style="text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-style: solid;">秦</span>,終繼五國遷滅,何哉?與<span style="text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-style: solid;">嬴</span>而不助五國也。<wbr/>五國既喪,<span style="text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-style: solid;">齊</span>亦不免矣。<span style="text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-style: solid;">燕</span>、<span style="text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-style: solid;">趙</span>之君,始有遠略,能守其土,義不賂<span style="text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-style: solid;"><wbr/>秦</span>。是故<span style="text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-style: solid;">燕</span>雖小國而後亡,斯用兵之效也。至<span style="text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-style: solid;">丹</span>以<span style="text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-style: solid;">荊</span>卿為計,<wbr/>始速禍焉。<span style="text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-style: solid;">趙</span>嘗五戰於<span style="text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-style: solid;">秦</span>,二敗而三勝。後<span style="text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-style: solid;">秦</span>擊<span style="text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-style: solid;">趙</span>者再,<span style="text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-style: solid;">李牧</span>連卻之<wbr/>。洎<span style="text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-style: solid;">牧</span>以讒誅,<span style="text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-style: solid;">邯鄲</span>為郡;惜其用武而不終也。</p><p style="text-wrap-mode: wrap; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); margin-top: 0.5em; margin-bottom: 1em; color: rgb(32, 33, 34);">且<span style="text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-style: solid;">燕</span>、<span style="text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-style: solid;">趙</span>處<span style="text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-style: solid;">秦</span>革滅殆盡之際,可謂智力孤危,戰敗而亡,誠不得已。<wbr/>向使三國各愛其地,<span style="text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-style: solid;">齊</span>人勿附於<span style="text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-style: solid;">秦</span>,刺客不行,良將猶在,<wbr/>則勝負之數,存亡之理,當與<span style="text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-style: solid;">秦</span>相較,或未易量。</p><p style="text-wrap-mode: wrap; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); margin-top: 0.5em; margin-bottom: 1em; color: rgb(32, 33, 34);">嗚呼!以賂<span style="text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-style: solid;">秦</span>之地,封天下之謀臣;以事<span style="text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-style: solid;">秦</span>之心,禮天下之奇才;<wbr/>併力西向,則吾恐<span style="text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-style: solid;">秦</span>人食之不得下咽也。悲夫!有如此之勢,而為<span style="text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-style: solid;">秦</span><wbr/>人積威之所劫,日削月割,以趨於亡,為國者無使為積威之所劫哉!</p><p style="text-wrap-mode: wrap; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); margin-top: 0.5em; margin-bottom: 1em; color: rgb(32, 33, 34);">夫六國與<span style="text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-style: solid;">秦</span>皆諸侯,其勢弱於<span style="text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-style: solid;">秦</span>,而猶有可以不賂而勝之之勢;<wbr/>茍以天下之大,而從六國破亡之故事,是又在六國下矣!</p><p><br/></p>
<p style="text-wrap-mode: wrap; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); margin-top: 0.5em; margin-bottom: 1em; color: rgb(32, 33, 34);"><span style="font-family: "Noto Sans HK", "Noto Sans HK Fallback: Noto Sans HK", sans-serif; font-size: 18px;">《六國論》蘇洵</span></p><p style="text-wrap-mode: wrap; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); margin-top: 0.5em; margin-bottom: 1em; color: rgb(32, 33, 34);"><strong>3.</strong>六國破滅,非兵不利,<strong>4.</strong>戰不善,弊在賂<span style="text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-style: solid;">秦</span>。<strong>5.</strong>賂<span style="text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-style: solid;">秦</span>而力虧,<strong>6.</strong><wbr/>破滅之道也。<strong>7.</strong>或曰:「六國互喪,率賂<span style="text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-style: solid;">秦</span>耶?」曰:「<strong>8.</strong><wbr/>不賂者以賂者喪,<strong>9.</strong>蓋失強援,不能獨完,<strong>10.</strong>故曰弊在賂<span style="text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-style: solid;">秦</span>也。」</p><p style="text-wrap-mode: wrap; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); margin-top: 0.5em; margin-bottom: 1em; color: rgb(32, 33, 34);"><span style="text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-style: solid;">秦</span>以攻取之外,小則獲邑,大則得城,較<span style="text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-style: solid;">秦</span>之所得,與戰勝而得者,<wbr/>其實百倍;諸侯之所亡,與戰敗而亡者,其實亦百倍。則<span style="text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-style: solid;">秦</span>之所大欲<wbr/>,諸侯之所大患,固不在戰矣。思厥先祖父,暴霜露,斬荊棘,<wbr/>以有尺寸之地。子孫視之不甚惜,舉以予人,如棄草芥。<wbr/>今日割五城,明日割十城,然後得一夕安寢。起視四境,而<span style="text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-style: solid;">秦</span>兵又至<wbr/>矣。然則諸侯之地有限,暴<span style="text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-style: solid;">秦</span>之欲無厭,奉之彌繁,侵之愈急,<wbr/>故不戰而強弱勝負已判矣。至於顛覆,理固宜然。古人云:「以地事<span style="text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-style: solid;"><wbr/>秦</span>,猶抱薪救火,薪不盡,火不滅。」此言得之。</p><p style="text-wrap-mode: wrap; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); margin-top: 0.5em; margin-bottom: 1em; color: rgb(32, 33, 34);"><span style="text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-style: solid;">齊</span>人未嘗賂<span style="text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-style: solid;">秦</span>,終繼五國遷滅,何哉?與<span style="text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-style: solid;">嬴</span>而不助五國也。<wbr/>五國既喪,<span style="text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-style: solid;">齊</span>亦不免矣。<span style="text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-style: solid;">燕</span>、<span style="text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-style: solid;">趙</span>之君,始有遠略,能守其土,義不賂<span style="text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-style: solid;"><wbr/>秦</span>。是故<span style="text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-style: solid;">燕</span>雖小國而後亡,斯用兵之效也。至<span style="text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-style: solid;">丹</span>以<span style="text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-style: solid;">荊</span>卿為計,<wbr/>始速禍焉。<span style="text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-style: solid;">趙</span>嘗五戰於<span style="text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-style: solid;">秦</span>,二敗而三勝。後<span style="text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-style: solid;">秦</span>擊<span style="text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-style: solid;">趙</span>者再,<span style="text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-style: solid;">李牧</span>連卻之<wbr/>。洎<span style="text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-style: solid;">牧</span>以讒誅,<span style="text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-style: solid;">邯鄲</span>為郡;惜其用武而不終也。</p><p style="text-wrap-mode: wrap; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); margin-top: 0.5em; margin-bottom: 1em; color: rgb(32, 33, 34);">且<span style="text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-style: solid;">燕</span>、<span style="text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-style: solid;">趙</span>處<span style="text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-style: solid;">秦</span>革滅殆盡之際,可謂智力孤危,戰敗而亡,誠不得已。<wbr/>向使三國各愛其地,<span style="text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-style: solid;">齊</span>人勿附於<span style="text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-style: solid;">秦</span>,刺客不行,良將猶在,<wbr/>則勝負之數,存亡之理,當與<span style="text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-style: solid;">秦</span>相較,或未易量。</p><p style="text-wrap-mode: wrap; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); margin-top: 0.5em; margin-bottom: 1em; color: rgb(32, 33, 34);">嗚呼!以賂<span style="text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-style: solid;">秦</span>之地,封天下之謀臣;以事<span style="text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-style: solid;">秦</span>之心,禮天下之奇才;<wbr/>併力西向,則吾恐<span style="text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-style: solid;">秦</span>人食之不得下咽也。悲夫!有如此之勢,而為<span style="text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-style: solid;">秦</span><wbr/>人積威之所劫,日削月割,以趨於亡,為國者無使為積威之所劫哉!</p><p style="text-wrap-mode: wrap; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); margin-top: 0.5em; margin-bottom: 1em; color: rgb(32, 33, 34);">夫六國與<span style="text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-style: solid;">秦</span>皆諸侯,其勢弱於<span style="text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-style: solid;">秦</span>,而猶有可以不賂而勝之之勢;<wbr/>茍以天下之大,<strong>1.</strong>而從六國破亡之故事,<strong>2.</strong>是又在六國下矣!</p><p><br/></p>
<p style="text-wrap-mode: wrap; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); margin-top: 0.5em; margin-bottom: 1em; color: rgb(32, 33, 34);"><span style="font-family: "Noto Sans HK", "Noto Sans HK Fallback: Noto Sans HK", sans-serif; font-size: 18px;">《六國論》蘇洵</span></p><p style="text-wrap-mode: wrap; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); margin-top: 0.5em; margin-bottom: 1em; color: rgb(32, 33, 34);">六國破滅,非兵不利,戰不善,弊在賂<span style="text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-style: solid;">秦</span>。賂<span style="text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-style: solid;">秦</span>而力虧,<wbr/>破滅之道也。或曰:「六國互喪,率賂<span style="text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-style: solid;">秦</span>耶?」曰:「<wbr/>不賂者以賂者喪,蓋失強援,不能獨完,故曰弊在賂<span style="text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-style: solid;">秦</span>也。」</p><p style="text-wrap-mode: wrap; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); margin-top: 0.5em; margin-bottom: 1em; color: rgb(32, 33, 34);"><span style="text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-style: solid;">秦</span>以攻取之外,小則獲邑,大則得城,較<span style="text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-style: solid;">秦</span>之所得,與戰勝而得者,<wbr/>其實百倍;諸侯之所亡,與戰敗而亡者,其實亦百倍。則<span style="text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-style: solid;">秦</span>之所大欲<wbr/>,諸侯之所大患,固不在戰矣。思厥先祖父,暴霜露,斬荊棘,<wbr/>以有尺寸之地。子孫視之不甚惜,舉以予人,如棄草芥。<wbr/>今日割五城,明日割十城,然後得一夕安寢。起視四境,而<span style="text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-style: solid;">秦</span>兵又至<wbr/>矣。然則諸侯之地有限,暴<span style="text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-style: solid;">秦</span>之欲無厭,奉之彌繁,侵之愈急,<wbr/>故不戰而強弱勝負已判矣。至於顛覆,理固宜然。古人云:「以地事<span style="text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-style: solid;"><wbr/>秦</span>,猶抱薪救火,薪不盡,火不滅。」此言得之。</p><p style="text-wrap-mode: wrap; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); margin-top: 0.5em; margin-bottom: 1em; color: rgb(32, 33, 34);"><span style="text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-style: solid;">齊</span>人未嘗賂<span style="text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-style: solid;">秦</span>,終繼五國遷滅,何哉?與<span style="text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-style: solid;">嬴</span>而不助五國也。<wbr/>五國既喪,<span style="text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-style: solid;">齊</span>亦不免矣。<span style="text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-style: solid;">燕</span>、<span style="text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-style: solid;">趙</span>之君,始有遠略,能守其土,義不賂<span style="text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-style: solid;"><wbr/>秦</span>。是故<span style="text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-style: solid;">燕</span>雖小國而後亡,斯用兵之效也。至<span style="text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-style: solid;">丹</span>以<span style="text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-style: solid;">荊</span>卿為計,<wbr/>始速禍焉。<span style="text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-style: solid;">趙</span>嘗五戰於<span style="text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-style: solid;">秦</span>,二敗而三勝。後<span style="text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-style: solid;">秦</span>擊<span style="text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-style: solid;">趙</span>者再,<span style="text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-style: solid;">李牧</span>連卻之<wbr/>。洎<span style="text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-style: solid;">牧</span>以讒誅,<span style="text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-style: solid;">邯鄲</span>為郡;惜其用武而不終也。</p><p style="text-wrap-mode: wrap; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); margin-top: 0.5em; margin-bottom: 1em; color: rgb(32, 33, 34);">且<span style="text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-style: solid;">燕</span>、<span style="text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-style: solid;">趙</span>處<span style="text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-style: solid;">秦</span>革滅殆盡之際,可謂智力孤危,戰敗而亡,誠不得已。<wbr/>向使三國各愛其地,<span style="text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-style: solid;">齊</span>人勿附於<span style="text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-style: solid;">秦</span>,刺客不行,良將猶在,<wbr/>則勝負之數,存亡之理,當與<span style="text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-style: solid;">秦</span>相較,或未易量。</p><p style="text-wrap-mode: wrap; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); margin-top: 0.5em; margin-bottom: 1em; color: rgb(32, 33, 34);">嗚呼!以賂<span style="text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-style: solid;">秦</span>之地,封天下之謀臣;以事<span style="text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-style: solid;">秦</span>之心,禮天下之奇才;<strong>1.</strong><wbr/>併力西向,<strong>2.</strong>則吾恐<span style="text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-style: solid;">秦</span>人食之不得下咽也。<strong>3.</strong>悲夫!有如此之勢,<strong>4.</strong>而為<span style="text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-style: solid;">秦</span><wbr/>人積威之所劫,<strong>5.</strong>日削月割,以趨於亡,<strong>6.</strong>為國者無使為積威之所劫哉!</p><p style="text-wrap-mode: wrap; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); margin-top: 0.5em; margin-bottom: 1em; color: rgb(32, 33, 34);"><strong>7.</strong>夫六國與<span style="text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-style: solid;">秦</span>皆諸侯,<strong>8.</strong>其勢弱於<span style="text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-style: solid;">秦</span>,<strong>9.</strong>而猶有可以不賂而勝之之勢;<strong>10.</strong><wbr/>茍以天下之大,而從六國破亡之故事,是又在六國下矣!</p><p><br/></p>